无煤柱自成巷聚能切缝技术及其对围岩应力演化的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 07:09

【摘要】：基于切顶短臂梁理论,分析无煤柱切顶自成巷技术原理,结合柠条塔矿施工经验,总结出"支、切、护、封"四步成巷工艺。通过建立联孔聚能爆破力学模型,分析无煤柱自成巷聚能爆破机制,得出联孔爆破损伤贯通判据条件,并结合试验巷道围岩特性,进行聚能切缝关键参数设计。综合运用理论分析、数值模拟及现场实测,对无煤柱自成巷切缝前后工作面和巷道矿压分布规律和演变机制进行系统研究。结果表明,由于切缝结构面切断巷道顶板与工作面顶板岩体间的应力传递路径,改变顶板岩层结构形态,工作面和巷道矿压分布发生明显变化。切缝对工作面矿压影响有一定范围,切缝影响区内周期来压强度有所减小,周期来压步距有所增大。切缝引起的充填结构的支撑作用是造成工作面顶板压力减小的直接原因,来压控制关键层上的有效荷载减小是导致来压步距增大的根本原因。受切缝影响,碎石帮顶板岩体将经历"垮落→压实→稳定"的演变过程,充分利用采空区碎胀矸石的自承载特性和巷道围岩的协同支撑作用,可有效减小支护强度,增强巷道稳定性。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of cutting roof and short arm beam, this paper analyzes the technology principle of roof cutting and self-forming roadway without coal pillar, combined with the construction experience of Caragana Tower Mine, sums up the four-step roadway technology of "support, cutting, protecting and sealing". By setting up a mechanical model of combined hole shaped blasting, analyzing the mechanism of coalless self-formed roadway blasting, the condition of damage breakthrough criterion of combined hole blasting is obtained, and the key parameters of shaped energy cutting joint are designed according to the characteristics of surrounding rock of test roadway. Based on the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement, the distribution law and evolution mechanism of the rock pressure in the face and roadway before and after cutting seam without coal pillar are studied systematically. The results show that because the stress transfer path between the roof of roadway and the roof rock mass of working face is cut off by cutting joint structural plane, the structure form of roof strata is changed, and the distribution of mine pressure in working face and roadway is obviously changed. The influence of cutting joint on mine pressure has a certain range. The strength of periodic pressure in the zone affected by cutting joint decreases and the interval of periodic pressure increases. The supporting action of the filling structure caused by the cutting joint is the direct cause of the reduction of the roof pressure of the working face, and the reduction of the effective load on the key layer under the pressure control is the fundamental reason for the increase of the step distance. Under the influence of cutting joint, the rock mass of gravel roof will undergo the evolution process of "collapse and compaction stability", and fully utilize the self-bearing characteristics of gangues in goaf and the synergistic support of roadway surrounding rock, which can effectively reduce the supporting strength. Enhance the stability of roadway.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学(北京)深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室;中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51674265,51304210,51574248)~~
【分类号】：TD322

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