黄铜矿和闪锌矿在浮选分离过程中的微量热动力学研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 16:26

【摘要】：微量热法与传统浮选试验结合研究,将微热量热法引入到选矿理论研究中,用于探索浮选药剂与矿物表面的吸附作用以及矿物溶解作用过程机理是一个具有重要意义的尝试和创新。通过微量热法对乙硫氮体系下三种抑制剂(硫酸锌、六偏磷酸钠和腐殖酸钠)与黄铜矿和闪锌矿的抑制作用过程进行系统的热动力学规律研究,从热动力学角度阐释三种抑制剂的作用机理,并通过单矿物浮选试验和吸附量测定进行了验证。通过单矿物浮选试验表明:乙硫氮的最佳用量为4×10-4 mol·L-1,硫酸铜的最佳用量为2×10-4 mol·L-1,抑制剂的最佳用量为2×10-4 mol·L-1。随着矿浆pH值的增大,对闪锌矿的抑制效果大于黄铜矿的抑制效果;三种抑制剂的抑制效果为六偏磷酸钠硫酸锌腐殖酸钠。黄铜矿和被硫酸铜活化后的闪锌矿表面吸附乙硫氮热动力学反应为放热反应;随着反应温度的升高,反应时间越来越短,热动力学曲线峰的面积减小,说明随着温度的升高,反应速率K值增大,反应热Q也随之减少。表观活化能表明药剂吸附在矿物表面所需能量,表观活化能越高,表明药剂在矿物表面越难吸附。在同一吸附条件下,黄铜矿和活化闪锌矿表面吸附乙硫氮的表观活化能,随pH升高而升高。表观活化能Ea与△Ea|黄铜矿-闪锌矿|表明,六偏磷酸更易抑制活化闪锌矿,使活化后闪锌矿的表观活化能增大而起抑制效果;腐殖酸钠对活化后闪锌矿抑制效果较差,活化后闪锌矿表观活化能和活化焓变化较小;同时三种抑制剂对黄铜矿的表观活化能和活化焓影响较小。三种抑制剂对黄铜矿的抑制效果为腐殖酸钠硫酸锌六偏磷酸钠;对闪锌矿的抑制效果为六偏磷酸钠硫酸锌腐殖酸钠,量热试验结果与单矿物浮选试验一致。并通过紫外分光光度计在不同条件下黄铜矿和闪锌表面对乙硫氮吸附量进行了验证。
[Abstract]:The micro-calorimetry was combined with the traditional flotation test, and the micro-calorimetry was introduced into the theoretical study of mineral processing. It is an important attempt and innovation to explore the adsorption between flotation reagent and mineral surface and the mechanism of mineral dissolution. The inhibition process of three inhibitors (zinc sulfate, sodium hexametaphosphate and humic acid) with chalcopyrite and sphalerite in ethylthionitride system was studied systematically by microcalorimetry. The mechanism of the three depressants was explained from the point of view of thermodynamics and was verified by the flotation test of single mineral and the measurement of adsorption capacity. The results of single mineral flotation showed that the optimum dosage of ethionitrogen was 4 脳 10 ~ (-4) mol / L ~ (-1), that of copper sulfate was 2 脳 10 ~ (-4) mol / L ~ (-1), and that of depressant was 2 脳 10 ~ (-4) mol / L ~ (-1). With the increase of pulp pH value, the inhibition effect of sphalerite is greater than that of chalcopyrite, and the inhibition effect of the three inhibitors is sodium zinc humate sodium hexametaphosphate. The thermomechanical reaction of adsorbed ethylthionium on the surface of chalcopyrite and the activated sphalerite is exothermic, and with the increase of reaction temperature, the reaction time becomes shorter and shorter, and the area of the thermal kinetic curve peak decreases, which indicates that the area of the curve decreases with the increase of temperature. With the increase of reaction rate K, the reaction heat Q also decreases. The apparent activation energy indicates the energy required for the reagent to adsorb on the mineral surface, and the higher the apparent activation energy, the more difficult it is for the reagent to adsorb on the mineral surface. Under the same adsorption conditions, the apparent activation energy of adsorption of ethionitrogen on the surface of chalcopyrite and activated sphalerite increases with the increase of pH. The apparent activation energies EA and EA chalcopyrite sphalerite showed that hexametaphosphoric acid inhibited the activated sphalerite more easily, which increased the apparent activation energy of the sphalerite, but sodium humate had a poor inhibition effect on the activated sphalerite. After activation, the apparent activation energy and activation enthalpy of sphalerite changed little, and the three inhibitors had little effect on the apparent activation energy and activation enthalpy of chalcopyrite. The inhibitory effects of the three depressants on chalcopyrite are sodium humic acid sodium zinc sulfate hexametaphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate zinc humic acid sodium zinc sulfate respectively. The results of calorimetric test are consistent with that of single mineral flotation test. The adsorption capacity of ethionitrogen on chalcopyrite and zinc flash surface was verified by UV spectrophotometer under different conditions.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD923;TD952

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