东峰煤矿3号煤工作面巷道锚杆支护方案合理性研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 08:11

【摘要】：随着锚杆支护技术的发展和推广应用,锚杆支护已经成为煤矿巷道的主要支护方式。由于巷道围岩条件的复杂性和现有锚杆支护理论的局限性,很多煤矿在锚杆支护方案选取过程中存在一定的不合理支护现象。本文以东峰煤矿3号煤层工作面巷道为研究对象,分析了巷道的围岩条件,指出3号煤工作面巷道断面较小,围岩完整性较好,且距顶板6.5m处的厚硬细砂岩有利于巷道稳定。对锚杆支护设计理论进行了分析,指出在破碎岩层中,锚杆主要起挤压加固和悬吊作用;在完整岩层中,则主要是改善围岩应力状态。通过分析锚索的稳固性,得出具有相同承载能力时从跨中到两帮,锚索的长度逐渐变短;而锚索长度相同时,从跨中到两帮稳固性逐渐提高。通过实验室实验得到了煤岩体力学指标。并运用相似材料模拟实验研究了巷道的变形破坏特征和锚索的稳固性,得出巷道垮落角为55°,最大垮落高度约为2m,锚索偏心布置比跨中布置的稳固性较好。基于研究成果,又结合工程类比法设计了单排锚索偏心布置的锚杆锚索联合支护方案,新支护方案与原支护方案相比,主要减少了 1排顶板锚索,并将锚索长度由8.4m缩短至6m。通过数值模拟和工程试验,对比分析了新、原支护方案的支护效果、对掘进速度的影响和经济效益,结果显示新支护方案能够满足巷道安全使用的要求,且掘进速度提高了 12.50%,支护材料费用减少了约 17.50%。
[Abstract]:With the development and application of bolt support technology, bolt support has become the main support method in coal mine roadway. Because of the complexity of surrounding rock condition of roadway and the limitation of existing bolting support theory, many coal mines have some unreasonable support phenomenon in the selection process of bolting support scheme. Based on the analysis of surrounding rock condition of No. 3 coal seam face in Dongfeng Coal Mine, it is pointed out that the roadway section is smaller, the integrity of surrounding rock is better, and the thick, hard and fine sandstone from the roof 6.5m is beneficial to the stability of roadway. The design theory of bolt support is analyzed, and it is pointed out that in the broken rock stratum, the anchor rod mainly plays the role of compression reinforcement and suspension, while in the intact rock stratum, the stress state of surrounding rock is mainly improved. By analyzing the stability of the anchor cable, it is concluded that the length of the anchor cable becomes shorter from the middle to the two sides of the span with the same bearing capacity, and the stability from the middle span to the two bands increases gradually when the length of the anchor cable is the same. The mechanical indexes of coal and rock mass are obtained by laboratory experiments. The deformation and failure characteristics of roadway and the stability of anchor cable are studied by using similar material simulation experiment. It is concluded that the collapse angle of roadway is 55 掳and the maximum collapse height is about 2 m.The eccentric arrangement of anchor cable is better than that of mid-span arrangement. Based on the research results, combined with the method of engineering analogy, the combined support scheme of anchor and cable with single row cable eccentricity arrangement is designed. Compared with the original support scheme, the new support scheme mainly reduces one row of roof anchor cables and shortens the length of anchor cables from 8.4 m to 6 m. Through numerical simulation and engineering test, the effects of new and original support schemes on tunneling speed and economic benefits are compared and analyzed. The results show that the new support schemes can meet the requirements of safe use of roadways. And the speed of excavation increased 12.50 and the cost of supporting material decreased about 17.50.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD353.6

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