高钙云母型含钒石煤浮选预富集钒的试验研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 10:58

【摘要】：含钒石煤是我国特有的一种优势含钒资源,分布广泛且蕴藏量极其丰富,从含钒石煤中提取V2O5已经成为我国获得钒资源的一种重要途径,具有十分重要的研究意义。早在20世纪60年代,已有研究者对石煤提钒进行了相关研究,但由于我国含钒石煤的矿石性质复杂、钒品位低、钒赋存状态多样,现有提钒工艺普遍存在着矿石处理量大,钒浸出率低,酸碱等辅助原料消耗大,环境污染严重,生产成本高等问题,制约了石煤提钒行业的发展。针对上述问题,本文拟对湖北某地高钙云母型含钒石煤进行浮选预富集钒的试验研究,使含钒矿物得以富集,降低酸耗物的含量,从而提高湿法提钒原料的钒品位,节约酸耗,降低提钒生产成本。本研究首先对含钒石煤原矿及其焙烧脱碳样进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究,并在此工艺矿物学研究的基础上设计了浮选原则流程,然后通过系统的条件试验确定了浮选预富集钒的工艺流程及其最佳参数。主要研究内容及结果如下:(1)湖北某地含钒石煤属于炭质和钙含量较高的低品级云母型含钒石煤,其V2O5品位为0.71%,CaO的含量为6.26%,碳含量为13.44%,钒主要以V(Ⅲ)和V(Ⅳ)的类质同象取代形式存在于白云母的晶格中。主要矿物为石英、白云母、方解石和黄铁矿,其次为长石和高岭石。其中,石英主要为细粒的集合体,呈透镜状、细脉状分布;方解石和黄铁矿呈粒状分布,与石英、白云母共生;白云母则为片状或条状,与其他矿物交互共生。石煤原矿经焙烧脱碳后,V2O5的品位由0.71%上升至0.83%,黄铁矿氧化成赤铁矿,含量为11%,方解石部分分解,含量由11%降至9%,同时黄铁矿与方解石在高温下生成少量硬石膏,高岭石转变为偏高岭石。(2)湖北某地含钒石煤,含钒矿物主要为白云母,脉石矿物为石英、方解石和长石等,采用QEMSCAN矿物定量图像分析仪对石煤焙烧脱碳样进行了颗粒平均粒径统计分析,其中白云母的平均粒径为5.41μm,石英、方解石和长石的平均粒径分别为25.55μm、34.94μm和10.25μm,由统计分析结果可知,该含钒石煤中,含钒矿物白云母和脉石矿物的平均粒径差异较大,属不等粒嵌布矿石,宜选用棒磨机进行选择性磨矿。又由含钒云母单体解离度分析结果可知,适宜该含钒石煤的最佳磨矿细度为-0.074mm 70~80%。(3)浮选预富集工艺确定了反浮选去除酸耗矿物,正浮选含钒云母的联合工艺流程。反浮选时,采用了“分散脱泥—反浮选方解石”的分选工艺流程,通过一段浮选可以达到较好的试验结果;正浮选时,由于反浮选去除酸耗矿物时残留药剂的不利影响,确定了“擦洗脱药—正浮选含钒云母”的分选工艺流程,擦洗脱药中的伴生矿泥作为钒精矿产品,通过“一粗一扫”的阶段流程浮选含钒云母,从而得到了矿泥、钙精矿、钒精矿和尾矿产品,其中钙精矿和尾矿合并作为最终尾矿,矿泥和钒精矿合并作为最终精矿。最终可以获得产率为53.82%,V2O5品位为1.14%,回收率为73.66%的钒精矿。
[Abstract]:Vanadium bearing stone coal is one of the dominant vanadium bearing resources in China, which has extensive distribution and abundant reserves. Extracting V2O5 from vanadium bearing stone coal has become an important way to obtain vanadium resources in China. It has been of great significance in the study of vanadium in China. As early as 1960s, researchers have studied the vanadium extraction of stone coal, but because of our country The properties of vanadium bearing stone are complex, the grade of vanadium is low and the occurrence state of vanadium is varied. The existing vanadium extraction processes are generally characterized by large amount of ore treatment, low vanadium leaching rate, high consumption of acid and alkali and other auxiliary raw materials, serious environmental pollution and high production cost, which restricts the development of the industry of vanadium extraction in stone coal. In this paper, high calcium in Hubei is proposed in this paper. The experimental study on the flotation pre concentration of vanadium containing vanadium bearing stone coal for mica type has made the vanadium containing minerals enriched and reduced the content of acid consumption, thus improving the vanadium grade of the vanadium extraction materials, saving the acid consumption and reducing the production cost of vanadium extraction. The flotation principle flow is designed on the basis of the mineralogical study, and the process flow and the optimum parameters of the flotation preconcentration of vanadium are determined through the system condition test. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the vanadium bearing stone coal in Hubei is a low grade mica type vanadium bearing stone coal with high carbon and calcium content, and its V2O5 grade is 0.71%, the content of CaO is 6.26% and the content of carbon is 13.44%. Vanadium mainly exists in the lattice of Muscovite in the form of V (III) and V (IV). The main minerals are quartz, muscovite, calcite and pyrite, followed by feldspar and kaolinite. The quartz is mainly fine aggregate, lensite and fine pulse distribution; calcite and yellow The iron ore is granular distribution, symbiotic with quartz and muscovite; Muscovite is flaky or striped and symbiotic with other minerals. After calcination and decarbonization, the grade of V2O5 is increased from 0.71% to 0.83%, pyrite is oxidized to hematite, the content is 11%, the calcite is partially decomposed to 9%, and the pyrite and calcite at high temperature A small amount of anhydrite is generated and kaolinite is transformed into a metakaolinite. (2) the vanadium bearing stone coal in a certain place in Hubei is mainly dolomite, the gangue minerals are quartz, calcite and feldspar, and the average particle size of the calcination and decarburization sample of the stone coal is statistically analyzed by the QEMSCAN mineral quantitative image analyzer. The average particle size of the Muscovite is 5.41 mu. The average particle sizes of M, quartz, calcite and feldspar are 25.55 mu m, 34.94 m and 10.25 mu m respectively. From the statistical analysis, the average particle size of vanadium bearing mineral muscovite and gangue minerals is different, which belongs to unequal particle embedded ore. It is known that the optimum grinding fineness of the vanadium bearing stone coal is -0.074mm 70~80%. (3) flotation preconcentration process, which determines the combined process of removing acid consumption minerals by reverse flotation and flotation of vanadium containing mica. When reverse flotation, the separation process of "dispersed deliming and reverse flotation calcite" is adopted, and a better flotation can be achieved. The result of the test: in the process of positive flotation, the separation process of "scrubbing and removing the vanadium containing mica" was determined because of the adverse effect of reverse flotation to remove acid consumption minerals, and the associated ore mud was scrubbed as vanadium concentrate, and the vanadium containing mica was floated through the process of "one rough sweep", and the mineral mud and calcium were obtained. The concentrate, vanadium concentrate and tailings are combined with calcium concentrate and tailings as the final tailings, and the mineral mud and vanadium concentrate are combined as the final concentrate. The final yield is 53.82%, the grade of V2O5 is 1.14%, and the recovery rate of vanadium concentrate is 73.66%.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD923

【参考文献】