上横山缓倾斜多层矿床充填法回采围岩变形及其卸压开采研究
发布时间：2018-08-05 13:41
【摘要】：缓倾斜多层矿床地下开采过程中，不同岩层的交互回采扰动与矿床安全高效开采之间矛盾突出，地压管控难度大。为解决缓倾斜多层矿床围岩复杂的应力集中等地质灾害问题，保障矿床安全高效开采，必须系统地研究矿床回采围岩变形及其卸压技术。以上横山矿缓倾斜多层矿床为研究对象，采用不连续面多层组合相似材料模型试验、有限元数值模拟试验和断裂力学理论研究的综合方法，研究了矿床充填法回采作业面围岩的变形特征，基于地下工程围岩最小变形及其稳定性原则，确定了区域性和局部性卸压技术。 首先通过相似材料配比试验，配制了不同配比的低强度相似材料，分析了其物理力学性质及其变化规律，根据多层矿床赋存条件和条带开采嗣后充填的试验要求，确定了有效的4种相似材料配比，建立了典型勘探线的缓倾斜多层矿床相似材料模型；同时采用Phase2数值模拟软件，构建了与物理相似模拟试验相对应的数值模拟模型，为有效开展缓倾斜多层矿床地下开采试验研究提供了基础。 然后，根据条带法开采作业面矿柱受力特征，确定了两侧临空条带矿柱-П复合型裂纹尖端的Westergaard应力函数，，采用考虑中间主应力的Hoek-Brown强度准则计算作业面围岩破坏区的边界条件，建立了矿柱破坏宽度计算模型；并结合物理相似模拟试验，利用DIP法分析矿柱的裂纹发育特征，验证了模型有效性，为地下充填法回采条带矿柱宽度设计提供了定量依据。 最后，选用回采顺序和开采强度两个典型的区域性顺序网络卸压开采方案，研究了矿床区域性围岩变形特征，选择了前进式回采顺序和同时开采不充填3个条带开采强度的最佳方案；地下工程应力集中状况研究表明，矿体下盘围岩内的沿脉巷道是局部性应力集中较明显区域，采用数值模拟分析了局部性卸压技术效用，选择了沿矿体倾向拱顶钻凿卸压钻孔和近矿体侧边帮钻凿短巷联合锚杆支护的局部性卸压技术。 研究形成了条带法回采缓倾斜多层矿床区域性和局部性卸压的集成技术，对指导矿床安全高效开采，具有一定的理论和实际意义。
[Abstract]:In the process of underground mining of gently inclined multi-layer deposits, the contradiction between the interactive mining disturbance of different strata and the safe and efficient mining of the deposit is obvious, and the control of ground pressure is very difficult. In order to solve the problem of geological disasters such as complex stress concentration in the surrounding rock of gently inclined multi-layer ore deposit and to ensure the safe and efficient mining of the deposit, it is necessary to study systematically the deformation of the surrounding rock and the unloading technique of the rock mass in the mining of the deposit. The gently inclined multi-layer ore deposit in Shanghengshan Mine is studied by using the comprehensive method of discontinuous surface multi-layer combination similar material model test, finite element numerical simulation test and fracture mechanics theory study. Based on the principle of minimum deformation and stability of surrounding rock in underground engineering, regional and local pressure relief techniques are determined. At first, the low strength similar materials with different ratios are prepared by the experiment of similar materials, and their physical and mechanical properties and their changing laws are analyzed. According to the conditions of occurrence of multi-layer deposits and the test requirements of subsequent filling in strip mining, the physical and mechanical properties of similar materials are analyzed. The effective ratio of four similar materials is determined, and the similar material model of gently inclined multi-layer ore deposit with typical exploration line is established. At the same time, the numerical simulation model corresponding to the physical similarity simulation test is constructed by using Phase2 numerical simulation software. It provides a basis for effective underground mining test of gently inclined multi-layer deposits. Then, according to the stress characteristics of mining face pillar by strip method, the Westergaard stress function at the tip of double-face strip pillar and composite crack is determined, and the boundary condition of surrounding rock failure zone of work surface is calculated by Hoek-Brown strength criterion considering intermediate principal stress. The failure width calculation model of pillar is established, and the crack development characteristics of pillar are analyzed by DIP method combined with physical similarity simulation test. The validity of the model is verified, which provides a quantitative basis for the width design of stoping strip pillar in underground filling method. Finally, two typical regional sequential network mining schemes, mining sequence and mining intensity, are selected to study the deformation characteristics of the regional surrounding rock of the deposit. The optimum scheme of forward mining sequence and mining strength without filling three strips at the same time is selected, and the stress concentration condition of underground engineering shows that the roadway along the vein in the wall rock of the lower wall of the orebody is the obvious area of local stress concentration. The effect of local pressure relief technology is analyzed by numerical simulation, and the local pressure relief technique is selected to drill pressure relief boreholes along the inclined arch roof of ore body and combined with bolt support in short roadway by side drilling of ore body. The integrated technique of regional and local pressure relief of gently inclined multi-layer deposits by strip method has been developed, which is of theoretical and practical significance for guiding the safe and efficient mining of ore deposits.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD803
本文编号：2165967
[Abstract]:In the process of underground mining of gently inclined multi-layer deposits, the contradiction between the interactive mining disturbance of different strata and the safe and efficient mining of the deposit is obvious, and the control of ground pressure is very difficult. In order to solve the problem of geological disasters such as complex stress concentration in the surrounding rock of gently inclined multi-layer ore deposit and to ensure the safe and efficient mining of the deposit, it is necessary to study systematically the deformation of the surrounding rock and the unloading technique of the rock mass in the mining of the deposit. The gently inclined multi-layer ore deposit in Shanghengshan Mine is studied by using the comprehensive method of discontinuous surface multi-layer combination similar material model test, finite element numerical simulation test and fracture mechanics theory study. Based on the principle of minimum deformation and stability of surrounding rock in underground engineering, regional and local pressure relief techniques are determined. At first, the low strength similar materials with different ratios are prepared by the experiment of similar materials, and their physical and mechanical properties and their changing laws are analyzed. According to the conditions of occurrence of multi-layer deposits and the test requirements of subsequent filling in strip mining, the physical and mechanical properties of similar materials are analyzed. The effective ratio of four similar materials is determined, and the similar material model of gently inclined multi-layer ore deposit with typical exploration line is established. At the same time, the numerical simulation model corresponding to the physical similarity simulation test is constructed by using Phase2 numerical simulation software. It provides a basis for effective underground mining test of gently inclined multi-layer deposits. Then, according to the stress characteristics of mining face pillar by strip method, the Westergaard stress function at the tip of double-face strip pillar and composite crack is determined, and the boundary condition of surrounding rock failure zone of work surface is calculated by Hoek-Brown strength criterion considering intermediate principal stress. The failure width calculation model of pillar is established, and the crack development characteristics of pillar are analyzed by DIP method combined with physical similarity simulation test. The validity of the model is verified, which provides a quantitative basis for the width design of stoping strip pillar in underground filling method. Finally, two typical regional sequential network mining schemes, mining sequence and mining intensity, are selected to study the deformation characteristics of the regional surrounding rock of the deposit. The optimum scheme of forward mining sequence and mining strength without filling three strips at the same time is selected, and the stress concentration condition of underground engineering shows that the roadway along the vein in the wall rock of the lower wall of the orebody is the obvious area of local stress concentration. The effect of local pressure relief technology is analyzed by numerical simulation, and the local pressure relief technique is selected to drill pressure relief boreholes along the inclined arch roof of ore body and combined with bolt support in short roadway by side drilling of ore body. The integrated technique of regional and local pressure relief of gently inclined multi-layer deposits by strip method has been developed, which is of theoretical and practical significance for guiding the safe and efficient mining of ore deposits.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD803
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