北京某地区农村“煤改电”项目的成本管理研究
发布时间：2018-08-06 13:41
【摘要】：“煤改电”工程是国家调整能源结构的重要手段,实施电能替代战略的重要形式,也是治霾除患的重点工作之一。近年来,以北京为代表的各省市政府部门和供电企业均针对“煤改电”工程投入了大量的改造资金,北京市政府特别提出到2020年全市平原地区农村采暖全部改用清洁能源,并针对“电采暖”设备、“煤改电”电价均给出了较大幅度的财政补助,“煤改电”因其经济性、环保性、易操作性和安全性优势,迅速在散烧煤地区得到了大范围推广。在“煤改电”改造项目的热潮中,批量开展的居民“煤改电”项目尤为重要。此类项目实施工期紧、工程量庞大、各方关注度极高,与此相对的是类似项目的工程管理经验较少,缺乏可参考的实践资料,所以如何做好“煤改电”项目的成本管理工作成为了一项十分必要的研究课题。本论文通过对电能替代理念、“煤改电”发展状况、“煤改电”技术原理的深入研究,明确了“煤改电”项目区别于一般工程项目的特点,并通过具体的数据计算和比对,展示了其相较于传统燃煤取暖的惠民特性、社会经济优势和环境保护特性;通过对项目成本构成、成本管理流程、成本的影响因素等成本管理基础理论的研究,确定了施工阶段的成本控制和成本分析为项目成本管理的核心内容,通过对成本控制的原则和重点、赢得值法和类比分析法等成本控制和成本分析的主要方法进行细致的研究,为理论结合实际的案例分析奠定了坚实的基础;随后,结合北京某地区农村“煤改电”项目实例开展定量和定性研究,分析了成本管理过程在“煤改电”项目中的应用形式,结合具体的改造工程量进行了工程概算的详细计算,形成了有针对性的成本控制体系,利用赢得值法分析并查找出影响“煤改电”工程成本的根本原因,并提出了成本管理的改进措施,构成了较为完整的工程项目成本管理体系。论文还存在一定的局限性,但也不乏“煤改电”工程项目成本管理方面的研究成果,希望通过本论文的研究,对“煤改电”工程的项目成本管理研究领域起到一定的启发和推动作用,并对类似工程的项目成本管理实践发挥有效的指导意义。
[Abstract]:The "coal to electricity" project is an important means for the national energy structure adjustment. The implementation of the electric energy substitution strategy is an important form, and also one of the key tasks in the treatment of haze. In recent years, government departments and power supply enterprises in various provinces and cities represented by Beijing have invested a large amount of funds for the transformation of electricity from coal to electricity. The Beijing Municipal Government has specially proposed that all rural heating in plain areas of the whole city will be converted to clean energy by 2020. According to the electric heating equipment and the electricity price of "coal to electricity", a large amount of financial subsidy is given. Because of its economy, environmental protection, ease of operation and safety, it is quickly popularized in the area of scattered coal burning. In the upsurge of the "coal to electricity" project, it is very important to carry out the "coal to electricity" project in batches. This kind of project has a tight construction period, a large amount of work and a high degree of concern. In contrast, similar projects have less experience in engineering management and lack of practical data for reference. Therefore, how to do well the cost management of coal power conversion project has become a very necessary research topic. Through the deep research on the idea of electric energy substitution, the development of "coal to electricity", and the technical principle of "coal to electricity", this paper clarifies the characteristics of the "coal to electricity" project which is different from the general project, and calculates and compares it through the concrete data. Compared with the traditional coal-fired heating system, the advantages of social economy and environmental protection, the basic theory of cost management, such as project cost composition, cost management process, cost influencing factors and so on, are demonstrated. The cost control and cost analysis in the construction stage are determined as the core contents of the project cost management. The main methods of cost control and cost analysis, such as the principle and emphasis of cost control, the method of winning value and the method of analogy analysis, are studied in detail. It lays a solid foundation for the theoretical and practical case study, and then, combining with the example of a rural area in Beijing to carry out quantitative and qualitative research, analyzes the application form of the cost management process in the "coal power conversion" project. The detailed calculation of the project budget estimate is carried out in combination with the concrete project quantity, and a targeted cost control system is formed. The fundamental reasons that affect the project cost of "coal to electricity" project are analyzed and found out by the method of winning value. The improvement measures of cost management are put forward, which constitute a relatively complete project cost management system. There are still some limitations in the paper, but there are also some research results in the cost management of the project of "coal to electricity" project. I hope that through the research of this paper, It can enlighten and promote the research field of project cost management of "coal to electricity" project, and play an effective guiding role in the project cost management practice of similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.21;F426.61;F299.24
本文编号：2167909
[Abstract]:The "coal to electricity" project is an important means for the national energy structure adjustment. The implementation of the electric energy substitution strategy is an important form, and also one of the key tasks in the treatment of haze. In recent years, government departments and power supply enterprises in various provinces and cities represented by Beijing have invested a large amount of funds for the transformation of electricity from coal to electricity. The Beijing Municipal Government has specially proposed that all rural heating in plain areas of the whole city will be converted to clean energy by 2020. According to the electric heating equipment and the electricity price of "coal to electricity", a large amount of financial subsidy is given. Because of its economy, environmental protection, ease of operation and safety, it is quickly popularized in the area of scattered coal burning. In the upsurge of the "coal to electricity" project, it is very important to carry out the "coal to electricity" project in batches. This kind of project has a tight construction period, a large amount of work and a high degree of concern. In contrast, similar projects have less experience in engineering management and lack of practical data for reference. Therefore, how to do well the cost management of coal power conversion project has become a very necessary research topic. Through the deep research on the idea of electric energy substitution, the development of "coal to electricity", and the technical principle of "coal to electricity", this paper clarifies the characteristics of the "coal to electricity" project which is different from the general project, and calculates and compares it through the concrete data. Compared with the traditional coal-fired heating system, the advantages of social economy and environmental protection, the basic theory of cost management, such as project cost composition, cost management process, cost influencing factors and so on, are demonstrated. The cost control and cost analysis in the construction stage are determined as the core contents of the project cost management. The main methods of cost control and cost analysis, such as the principle and emphasis of cost control, the method of winning value and the method of analogy analysis, are studied in detail. It lays a solid foundation for the theoretical and practical case study, and then, combining with the example of a rural area in Beijing to carry out quantitative and qualitative research, analyzes the application form of the cost management process in the "coal power conversion" project. The detailed calculation of the project budget estimate is carried out in combination with the concrete project quantity, and a targeted cost control system is formed. The fundamental reasons that affect the project cost of "coal to electricity" project are analyzed and found out by the method of winning value. The improvement measures of cost management are put forward, which constitute a relatively complete project cost management system. There are still some limitations in the paper, but there are also some research results in the cost management of the project of "coal to electricity" project. I hope that through the research of this paper, It can enlighten and promote the research field of project cost management of "coal to electricity" project, and play an effective guiding role in the project cost management practice of similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.21;F426.61;F299.24
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