远距离多煤层卸压开采应力—裂隙演化规律研究

发布时间：2018-08-07 12:24

【摘要】：煤炭资源的不断采出和不可再生性,导致了浅部煤炭资源日趋枯竭,矿井开采深度逐年递增。深部开采较浅部开采地质条件更为复杂,会出现地温升高和水压、地压及瓦斯压力均增加等新的地质问题。而我国进入深部开采的矿井一般都处于煤层群的开采环境中,煤层群开采较单一煤层开采更为困难,其开采过程中易受到各自开采的影响。多次开采后,采动应力发生相互叠加而形成采动高应力,易使应力承载结构发生失稳,造成巷道难支护、顶底板难控制等诸多问题。为解决上述诸多矿压问题和实现煤与瓦斯共采,本文基于潘二矿A、B组煤的赋存地质条件、开采特征及实验室岩石力学实验所获得的煤岩物理力学参数,采用相似模拟、数值模拟、理论计算等多种方法,对远距离多煤层卸压开采过程中应力、裂隙、位移的演化特征进行了深入研究。通过现场调研、数据收集及统计分析,构建了远距离多煤层卸压开采的相似模拟模型和FLAC3D、UDEC2D数值模拟模型,系统分析了一次采动(3煤)、二次采动(3、6煤)、三次采动(3、6、7煤)及多次采动(3、6、7、1煤)后应力-裂隙的演化特征,从而揭示了远距离多煤层卸压开采应力-裂隙的演化规律。再基于相似模拟和数值模拟结果,构建了远距离多煤层开采应力-裂隙的演化模型。多煤层多次开采后,采动煤岩体周围应力-裂隙都出现叠加效应,其叠加效果远大于所有开采煤层单独开采之和。其研究成果为潘二煤矿煤层群的卸压开采提供理论依据和技术指导,特别是为4煤的安全高效开采及实现煤与瓦斯共采创造了十分有利的条件,同时对类似条件矿井的煤层群开采设计方面有一定的借鉴意义,具有一定的社会效益和工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:The unceasing mining and non-renewable coal resources lead to the depletion of shallow coal resources and the increasing mining depth year by year. The geological conditions of deep mining are more complicated than that of shallow mining, and new geological problems such as the rise of ground temperature and water pressure, the increase of ground pressure and gas pressure will occur. However, the coal mines that enter deep mining in our country are generally in the mining environment of coal seam group, which is more difficult than that of single coal seam mining, and it is easy to be affected by their own mining in the process of mining. After mining many times, the mining dynamic stress is superimposed on each other to form high mining stress, which easily makes the stress bearing structure unstable, which makes the roadway difficult to support, the roof and floor difficult to control and so on. In order to solve the above problems of mine pressure and realize coal and gas co-mining, this paper adopts similar simulation based on the geological conditions, mining characteristics and physical and mechanical parameters of coal and rock obtained from laboratory rock mechanics experiments in Paner Coal Mine. Numerical simulation and theoretical calculation are used to study the evolution characteristics of stress, fissure and displacement in the process of pressure relief mining of long distance and multi coal seams. Through field investigation, data collection and statistical analysis, a similar simulation model and a numerical simulation model of FLAC3DX UDEC2D are constructed. The characteristics of stress-fracture evolution after primary mining (3 coal), secondary mining (3 coal), 3 times mining (3 ~ 6 ~ 6 ~ 7 coal) and multiple mining (3 ~ 6 ~ 6 ~ 7 ~ 7 ~ 1 coal) are systematically analyzed, thus revealing the evolution law of stress-fracture in long distance and multi-seam unpressurized mining. Based on the results of similarity simulation and numerical simulation, the evolution model of stress-fracture in long distance multi-seam mining is constructed. After many coal seams have been mined for many times, the superposition effect of stress-fissure around the mining coal and rock mass is much greater than the sum of all mining coal seams alone. The research results provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for the pressure relief mining of Paner coal seam group, especially for the safe and efficient mining of No. 4 coal and the realization of coal and gas mining. At the same time, it can be used for reference in the design of coal seam group in similar conditions, and has certain social benefit and engineering application value.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD821

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