煤矸石的肥效及重金属活性钝化的研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 21:08

【摘要】：本研究选取山西大同集团塔山矿区煤矸石为原料,采用盆栽试验,研究煤矸石与壤土和沙土在不同比例下对小白菜生长的影响及在种植蔬菜前施加石灰,基质中有效态重金属含量的变化。实验结果表明,煤矸石具有一定的肥效作用,随着煤矸石添加量的增加,小白菜的株高及茎叶重呈现增加的趋势。综合考虑煤矸石对混合基质的pH值、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷养分含量及小白菜生长状况的影响,分析认为煤矸石与壤土的比例在2：3时,与沙土的比例在1：2时,肥效发挥最大。在种植蔬菜前,施加石灰能有效降低基质中有效态重金属含量且不影响基质中营养成分的含量。随着石灰用量的增加,有效态重金属含量呈现下降的趋势。但石灰是一种化学试剂,添加大量可能改变原有的物理和化学的土壤和肥料性质,因此添加量不宜太高。所以综合结果分析,石灰的适宜添加量为3～9g/kg,处理时间为种植蔬菜前5-6周。
[Abstract]:In this study, coal gangue from Tashan mining area of Datong Group of Shanxi Province was selected as raw material, pot experiment was used to study the effect of coal gangue, loam and sandy soil on the growth of pakchoi in different proportion and to apply lime before planting vegetables. Changes of available heavy metals in substrate. The results showed that coal gangue had a certain fertilizer effect. With the increase of coal gangue content, the plant height and stem and leaf weight of pakchoi increased. Considering the effects of coal gangue on pH value, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus nutrient content and growth status of pakchoi, it is concluded that the ratio of coal gangue to loam is 2:3, and the ratio of coal gangue to sandy soil is 1:2. The effects of fertilizer are maximized. Before planting vegetables, the addition of lime can effectively reduce the content of available heavy metals in the substrate and does not affect the content of nutrients in the substrate. With the increase of lime content, the content of available heavy metals decreased. But lime is a chemical reagent, adding a large amount of soil and fertilizer may change the original physical and chemical properties, so the addition should not be too high. Therefore, the optimum addition amount of lime was 3g / kg, and the treatment time was 5-6 weeks before planting vegetables.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S147.5;TD849.5

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