川中公山庙地区高密度三维地震勘探资料采集方案与应用

发布时间：2018-08-14 11:45

【摘要】：随着地震勘探技术的发展,对精度的要求也在不断提高,常规三维地震勘探已经逐渐无法满足地质任务的需求。以四川盆地公山庙地区为例,该区域油气资源丰富,近十几年来,已经部署了多轮地震勘探项目,所取得的成果支撑了该区80多口油井的部署。但由于储层较薄,成藏受到裂缝和孔隙的控制,常规地震技术无法完全解决该地区的勘探开发问题,这在很大程度上限制了川中侏罗系油藏的勘探开发进度。因此迫切需要开展新的地震技术研究,突破现有常规地震的技术瓶颈,进一步提升地震资料对精细构造的刻画能力。于是,作为能够有效提高地震资料精度的一项最新技术手段,高密度三维地震技术在公山庙地区得以应用。本论文通过对高密度地震采集技术的特点及应用实例开展详细调研和分析,主要取得了如下成果：明确了其技术的核心思想是在采集阶段不再区分干扰波和有效波,对地震信号进行全波场无损采样；具备单点激发、单点接收、小面元、宽方位等特点；对室内处理过程中采用的针对性技术的实施效果进行了探讨；通过理论研究和实际资料对比展现了其在提升地震资料精度、刻画精细构造体等方面所具备的优势,表明了高密度地震采集技术在公山庙地区具有较好的应用前景；在综合考虑其应用效果与技术特点后,针对高密度地震勘探技术在未来的推广应用提出了合理化建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of seismic exploration technology, the requirement of precision is also increasing, and conventional 3D seismic exploration has been unable to meet the requirements of geological tasks. Taking the Gongshanmiao area of Sichuan Basin as an example, the region is rich in oil and gas resources. In the past ten years, many rounds of seismic exploration projects have been deployed, and the results obtained support the deployment of more than 80 oil wells in this area. But because the reservoir is thin and the reservoir formation is controlled by fractures and pores, the conventional seismic technique can not completely solve the problem of exploration and development in this area, which to a great extent limits the progress of exploration and development of Jurassic reservoirs in central Sichuan. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out new research on seismic technology, break through the technical bottleneck of existing conventional earthquakes, and further enhance the ability of seismic data to depict fine structures. Therefore, as a new technique which can effectively improve the accuracy of seismic data, high density 3D seismic technology has been applied in Gongshanmiao area. Through the detailed investigation and analysis of the characteristics and application examples of high-density seismic acquisition technology, the main achievements are as follows: it is clear that the core idea of the technology is to no longer distinguish the interference wave from the effective wave in the acquisition stage. The seismic signal is sampled with full wave field nondestructive sampling, which has the characteristics of single point excitation, single point receiving, small plane, wide azimuth, etc. The effect of the pertinence technology used in indoor processing is discussed. Through theoretical research and practical data comparison, it shows its advantages in improving the accuracy of seismic data and depicting fine structures, which indicates that the high-density seismic acquisition technology has a good application prospect in Gongshanmiao area. After considering its application effect and technical characteristics, some reasonable suggestions are put forward for the application of high-density seismic exploration technology in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P631.4

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