矿井闭坑的理论与技术框架

发布时间：2018-08-14 13:23

【摘要】：随着闭坑矿井的数量增多,其带来的安全与环境问题日益突出,且闭坑矿井的大量地下空间可以考虑利用.定义了矿井全生命周期的概念,明确了"矿井全生命周期采矿"的内涵.分析了闭坑矿井的数量、特征以及地下空间的特点.提出了矿井闭坑的工程背景、科学问题、关键技术、实践等基本问题框架.探讨了闭坑矿井的评价标准和责任体系、采空区覆岩长期沉陷规律、采空区水、气与污染物质的多场耦合与迁移规律、地下空间长期稳定性评价标准、地下空间利用方法等理论问题.在此基础上,分析了矿井闭坑的长期安全监测与评价、长期环境监测与评价、开拓巷道空间利用、采空区利用、生态环境修复等关键技术问题.政府与矿山企业需转变闭坑理念,重视闭坑矿井带来的安全、环境问题,从矿井全生命周期对该问题进行思考;积极探索闭坑矿井长期安全和环境监测、评价、修复治理技术,进行闭坑矿井的地下空间利用评价,并最大限度研究地下空间利用方法.
[Abstract]:With the increase of the number of closed pit mines, the safety and environmental problems are becoming more and more serious, and a large number of underground space in closed pit mines can be considered to be used. The concept of mine life cycle is defined and the connotation of mine whole life cycle mining is defined. The quantity, characteristics and underground space of the closed pit mine are analyzed. The engineering background, scientific problem, key technology and practice frame of mine closed pit are put forward. The evaluation standard and responsibility system of closed pit mine, the long-term subsidence law of overburden in goaf, the coupling and migration law of water, gas and pollutants in goaf, and the evaluation standard of long-term stability of underground space are discussed. Methods of underground space utilization and other theoretical problems. On this basis, some key technical problems, such as long-term safety monitoring and evaluation, long-term environmental monitoring and evaluation, space utilization of open roadway, utilization of goaf and restoration of ecological environment, are analyzed. The government and mining enterprises need to change the concept of closed pit, attach importance to the safety and environmental problems brought by the closed pit mine, think about the problem from the whole life cycle of the mine, actively explore the long-term safety and environmental monitoring, evaluation, repair and control technology of the closed pit mine, The underground space utilization evaluation of closed pit mine is carried out, and the method of underground space utilization is studied to the maximum extent.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家优秀青年科学基金项目(51522406) 江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(2014-ZBZZ-007) 中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室自主研究课题项目(SKLCRSM14X01)
【分类号】：TD80

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