夹河矿工广煤柱开采岩层与地表移动规律研究

发布时间：2018-08-15 13:01

【摘要】：工业广场保护煤柱开采是许多资源将要枯竭的煤矿所面临的问题,为保证开采过程中井筒与地表建筑物的安全有必要对工广煤柱开采技术进行研究。本文在前人研究的理论基础上以夹河矿工业广场保护煤柱为研究对象,通过矿区实测资料处理、工业广场煤柱开采方案研究以及数值模拟等多个方面的综合研究,为夹河矿工业广场煤柱开采提供了合理的开采方案,同时也能为其他矿区类似地质条件下的工业广场保护煤柱开采提供参考。论文主要工作和内容如下:(1)对夹河煤矿7208工作面地表沉陷观测站的实测资料进行详细的分析,获得了本区的地表移动变形规律及概率积分法预计参数,为本区工业广场保护煤柱开采研究提供了科学依据。(2)根据国内外工业广场煤柱开采的理论以及国内现有的开采实例,针对夹河矿工业广场煤柱的地质采矿条件设计了过井筒煤柱的开采方案:首先把过煤层处的井壁更换为可缩性井壁,其次在可缩性井壁外侧设置闭合木垛,然后在井筒周围留设一定宽度的方块煤柱,不对方块煤柱进行开采,只对方块煤柱以外的保护煤柱进行条带开采。(3)以夹河矿工广煤柱为原型结合FLAC3D数值模拟程序,对不同的开采方法、不同采留宽以及不同回采率情况下的工广煤柱开采方案进行力学和移动变形方面的分析,可以得出以下结论:①对方块煤柱以外的保护煤柱采用全采时,井筒以及地表的移动变形较大,不利于井筒和地面建筑物的保护;同时井筒底部受到的竖向应力集中的影响可能产生井筒的破坏。而条带开采对井筒和地表建筑物的影响较小,有利于井筒的保护。②在回采率相同的情况下,采留宽的变化对井筒的影响很大;采宽越大地表下沉越大,井筒的移动变形也越剧烈,在回采率不变的情况下采宽越小对井筒和地表建筑物的保护越有利。③当采宽一定时,随着回采率的增加地表和井筒的移动变形增大,但其增加量较小。因此采宽一定时,在保证条带煤柱稳定性的前提下可以尽可能大的提高回采率。(4)结合过井筒煤柱开采方案和数值模拟结果,采用全采和条采两种方法对夹河矿工广煤柱开采方案进行设计,采用概率积分法对两种方案开采以后的地表和井筒移动变形情况进行预计分析,通过综合分析认为夹河矿工业广场煤柱采用采宽为40m、留宽为60m的条带开采方案比较合适。(5)通过分析开采后井筒出现破坏的原因,有针对性的对井筒进行提前维修和加固,增强井筒的抗变形能力,同时在工广煤柱开采的过程中要经常对井壁以及井下提升设施进行检查维修,防止出现大的事故。在工作面地表要设立观测站,并对地表建筑物和生产设备进行观测,当发现井筒和地表建筑物出现大的破坏时要立即停止开采,并找出问题出现的原因加以解决。
[Abstract]:Protection of coal pillar mining in industrial square is a problem faced by many coal mines whose resources will be exhausted. It is necessary to study the mining technology of coal pillar in order to ensure the safety of wellbore and surface buildings in the process of mining. On the basis of previous studies, this paper takes the protection pillar of Jiahe Coal Mine Industrial Plaza as the research object, through the processing of the measured data in the mining area, the research on the mining plan of the coal pillar in the Industrial Square, and the numerical simulation, and so on. It provides a reasonable mining plan for the pillar mining in Jiahe Coal Mine Industrial Square, and also provides a reference for the protection of the pillar mining in other mining areas under similar geological conditions. The main work and contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the measured data of ground subsidence observation station in 7208 face of Jiahe Coal Mine are analyzed in detail, and the law of surface movement and deformation in this area and the prediction parameters of probability integral method are obtained. It provides the scientific basis for the research of protecting coal pillar mining in the industrial square of this district. (2) according to the theory of the pillar mining of the industrial square at home and abroad and the existing mining examples at home and abroad, According to the geological and mining conditions of Jiahe mine industrial square pillar, the mining scheme of the coal pillar passing through the shaft is designed: firstly, the shaft wall passing through the coal seam is replaced by the retractable shaft wall, and secondly, the closed wood pile is arranged outside the retractable shaft wall. Then set a certain width of block coal pillar around the shaft, not the other block pillar for mining, only the protection pillar outside the other side block pillar for strip mining. (3) take Jiahe miner wide pillar as the prototype combined with FLAC3D numerical simulation program, Based on the analysis of mechanics and displacement deformation of different mining methods, different mining width and different recovery rate, we can draw the following conclusion: 1 when the protection pillar outside the opposite block pillar is used in full mining, The movement and deformation of the wellbore and the ground surface are large, which is not conducive to the protection of the wellbore and the ground building, and the vertical stress concentration at the bottom of the wellbore may cause damage to the wellbore. However, strip mining has little influence on wellbore and surface buildings, which is beneficial to wellbore protection .2 under the same recovery rate, the variation of mining width has great influence on wellbore, and the larger the mining width, the greater the surface subsidence. The more severe the moving deformation of the wellbore is, the smaller the mining width is when the recovery rate is constant, the better the protection of the wellbore and the surface buildings is. 3. When the mining width is constant, the moving deformation of the surface and the wellbore increases with the increase of the recovery rate. But its increase amount is small. Therefore, when the mining width is certain, the recovery rate can be increased as much as possible under the premise of ensuring the stability of the strip pillar. (4) combined with the mining plan of the shaft pillar and the numerical simulation results, The whole mining and strip mining methods are used to design the mining scheme of Jiahe miner's wide pillar, and the probability integration method is used to predict the surface and wellbore movement and deformation after the mining of the two schemes. Through the comprehensive analysis, it is considered that it is more appropriate to adopt the strip mining plan with the mining width of 40m and the width of 60m. (5) through the analysis of the causes of the damage to the shaft after mining, it is pointed out that the wellbore is repaired and strengthened ahead of time. At the same time, it is necessary to check and repair the shaft wall and the downhole hoisting facilities in the process of coal pillar mining in order to prevent the occurrence of major accidents. Observation stations should be set up on the surface of the working face, and surface buildings and production equipment should be observed. When large damage is found in the wellbore and the surface buildings, the mining should be stopped immediately, and the causes of the problems should be solved.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD325

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