石圪节煤矿回采工作面硫化氢气体防治技术研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 08:32

【摘要】：煤炭资源是各个行业发展的基础能源,自工业革命以来,为各个国家的经济发展做贡献巨大。然而,在世界各个国家开采煤炭时,由于各种灾害的发生,人员伤亡和经济损失非常大,严重制约经济的发展。煤矿H_2S由于其含量较低、分布范围较窄,一直以来对其相关研究较少。然而,随着煤层开采的深度增加,煤矿H_2S气体的危害逐渐显露,同时由于H_2S气体毒性大,当浓度达到一定范围内有爆炸危险性,因此关于H_2S在煤层内的运移规律及防治措施方面亟待研究。文章以山西潞安石圪节煤业有限责任公司石圪节煤矿15102为研究对象,通过实验室H_2S气体吸收剂的研究,得出了能够有效吸收H_2S气体的溶液。同时通过数值模拟,研究在煤层采动的影响下,其在煤层内的运移规律,以及不同注碱孔的布置位置对其运移规律的影响。H_2S气体吸收剂的研究显示:表面活性剂溶液在浓度很低的时候(0.1%),就可以将碱液的表面张力从72.0 mN/m降低到40.0 mN/m,在煤样吸液速度方面,碱性条件的1.5%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的煤样吸液速度最优,最终以1.5%十二烷基苯磺酸钠、5%NaCO_3溶液和2%XS-2溶液为基料进行复配,得出吸收H_2S气体效果较好的吸收剂。数值模拟方面研究显示:当压力稳定时,在距工作面10 m以内,近底板位置H_2S压力比煤层中心位置稍大,随着距工作面位置距离的增加,距底板位置距离的减小,H_2S气体压力逐渐增大,然而H_2S压力差值非常小,在150 Pa以内。靠近进风顺槽及煤层竖向中心线位置H_2S气体较小,煤层内H_2S气体压力最大值为4000 Pa。当距工作面及进风顺槽距离大于30 m后,煤层内H_2S气体压力一直稳定在4000 Pa左右。在50天范围内,H_2S气体压力快速降低,之后降低速度逐渐缓慢,当时间大于200天之后,煤层内H_2S气体压力变化开始趋于稳定。注碱孔位置不同时,对煤层内H_2S气体压力的影响不同,当煤层注碱孔位置布置在距顶板0.36 m时,煤层内H_2S气体压力分布在竖向位置上呈对称分布,整体压力较小,在采取煤层注碱防治H_2S气体时,注碱孔宜布置在距顶板0.36 m水平线上。注碱孔间距不同时,当采用注碱孔间距为2 m时,煤层内中心位置切面H_2S气体的压力呈现出均匀分布的形态,采用注碱孔间距为2 m。现场试验结果有效使工作面H_2S的浓度降低到了30 ppm以下,为含H_2S煤矿的安全开采提供了一定的理论及实验基础。
[Abstract]:Coal resource is the basic energy for the development of various industries. Since the industrial revolution, it has contributed greatly to the economic development of each country. However, when mining coal in every country in the world, because of the occurrence of various disasters, casualties and economic losses are very large, which seriously restricts the development of economy. Due to its low content and narrow distribution, H2S in coal mines has been studied less. However, as the depth of coal seam mining increases, the harm of H2S gas in coal mine is gradually revealed. At the same time, due to the toxicity of H2S gas, there is a danger of explosion when the concentration reaches a certain range. Therefore, it is urgent to study the migration law and prevention measures of H _ 2S in coal seam. Taking Shigejie Coal Mine 15102, Shanxi Luan Shigejie Coal Industry Co., Ltd., as the research object, through the research of H _ 2S gas absorbent in laboratory, the solution which can effectively absorb H _ 2S gas is obtained. At the same time, through numerical simulation, the migration law of coal seam is studied under the influence of coal seam mining. The study of the effect of different location of alkali injection pore on the migration of gas absorbent shows that when the concentration of surfactant solution is very low (0.1%), the surface tension of alkali solution can be reduced from 72.0 mN/m to 40.0 mn / m, and the surface tension can be reduced from 72.0 mN/m to 40.0 mn / m when the concentration of surfactant solution is very low (0.1%). Sample absorption rate, The absorption rate of coal sample in 1.5% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is the best. Finally, the mixture of 1.5% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and 2%XS-2 solution is used as the base material, and the better absorbent for absorbing H 2S gas is obtained. The numerical simulation results show that when the pressure is stable, the Hass pressure near the floor is slightly larger than the central position of the coal seam within 10 m from the working face, and with the increase of the distance from the working face, The pressure of H2S gas increases gradually when the distance from the base plate is reduced, but the difference of H2S pressure is very small, within 150 Pa. The H2S gas is small near the inlet wind trench and the vertical centerline of the coal seam, and the maximum pressure of H2S gas in the coal seam is 4000 Pa. When the distance from the working face and the inlet air trench is more than 30 m, the Hass gas pressure in the coal seam has been stabilized at 4000 Pa or so. In the range of 50 days, the pressure of H2S gas decreases rapidly, and then decreases slowly. When the time is more than 200 days, the pressure change of H2S gas in coal seam begins to stabilize. Different locations of alkali injection holes have different effects on the pressure of H2S gas in coal seams. When the location of alkali injection holes in coal seams is 0.36 m from the roof, the distribution of gas pressure of H2S gas in coal seams is symmetrically distributed in the vertical position, and the whole pressure is relatively small. In the prevention of H2S gas by alkali injection in coal seam, the alkali injection hole should be arranged on the horizontal line of 0.36 m from the roof. When the spacing of alkali injection holes is 2 m, the pressure of H _ (2) S gas at the center of coal seam is uniformly distributed, and the distance between the holes is 2 m. The field test results effectively reduced the concentration of Hass to less than 30 ppm, which provides a theoretical and experimental basis for safe mining of coal mine containing H2S.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD711

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