含氧捕收剂在低阶煤浮选中的应用研究
发布时间：2018-08-22 15:00
【摘要】：随着采煤、选煤机械化程度的提高,细粒煤泥产量增加,炼焦煤作为稀缺煤种,选煤工艺中一般设置浮选作业对细粒煤进行分选回收。但长焰煤、不粘煤等动力煤的分选工艺中通常不设浮选作业,主要因为低阶煤表面赋有大量含氧官能团,致使疏水性弱,难以浮选,经济成本较高。现如今,煤泥产量的增加与其处理方法的矛盾越来越尖锐,急需推动低阶煤浮选工业化生产,而研发出适合低阶煤浮选的捕收剂是推动其工业化生产最可行的途径之一。本论文以神华神东某选煤厂细粒煤泥为研究对象,对其基本性质作了较为全面的分析,并进行了各类捕收剂的浮选试验,深入探究了极性捕收剂对低阶煤浮选行为的影响,这对于低阶煤浮选高效捕收剂的研发意义重大。论文试验煤样灰分为26.20%左右,主导粒级为0.045 mm,产率达到68.97%;该煤泥中间密度级含量较高,连生体较多;煤中矿物质主要有石英、高岭石及少量的斜绿泥石;另一方面,煤表面赋存有较多的亲水性含氧官能团,主要包括C-O、C=O和O=C-O,测量出煤样接触角为60.01°,表面疏水性弱,可浮性差。与烷烃捕收剂相比,极性捕收剂可以大幅度提高低阶煤浮选效果。羧酸捕收剂可以在较少用量取得较好的浮选效果,但易使精煤灰分偏高;12个碳原子内,醇类捕收剂碳链长度对精煤灰分的影响较大;短链酮比长链分子有较高的浮选活性;短链醛(戊醛)对低阶煤有较好的捕收性,但长链捕收剂(十二醛与十六醛)会使可燃体回收率急剧下降。烷烃捕收剂的捕收性与选择性均较低;羧酸捕收剂与酮类捕收剂均表现出较高的捕收性与选择性,碳链长度的增加对其性质有一定的影响;短链醇较长链醇有较好的捕收性与选择性;醛类捕收剂的捕收性与选择性受碳链长度的影响较大。从捕收剂的HLB值分析,羧酸捕收剂的无机性最高,醇次之,随碳原子的增多,捕收剂的HLB值下降,其越疏水。捕收剂作用后煤样接触角均有一定程度的提高,烷烃处理后煤样接触角可以提高2.50-5.00o,而羧酸捕收剂对煤样接触角的提高均在7.50o以上;短链醇可以提高煤样接触角8.00o以上,但长链醇使煤样接触角仅提高约5.00o;酮类捕收剂作用后煤样接触角增幅均较小,2-辛酮作用下可使煤样接触角提高约7.00o;1-辛醛作用后煤样接触角提高了近10.00o,但长链醛仅使接触角提高5.00o左右。由捕收剂作用后煤样红外光谱分析可得,极性捕收剂与煤表面-OH发生键合作用,减少煤表面亲水区域面积,增强表面疏水性,提高浮选效果,此外,醇、酮、醛可以与煤表面非极性区域发生吸附作用。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of coal mining and coal preparation mechanization, the production of fine coal slime increases, coking coal as a scarce coal, flotation operation is generally set up in the coal preparation process for the separation and recovery of fine coal. But in the separation process of long flame coal and uncaking coal, flotation is usually not carried out, mainly because of the large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of low rank coal, which makes hydrophobicity weak, difficult to flotation and high economic cost. Nowadays, the contradiction between the increase of coal slime production and the treatment method is becoming more and more sharp, so it is urgent to promote the industrial production of low-rank coal flotation, and to develop a collector suitable for low-rank coal flotation is one of the most feasible ways to promote its industrial production. In this paper, the fine coal slime in a coal preparation plant of Shenhua Shendong is taken as the research object, its basic properties are analyzed comprehensively, the flotation tests of various kinds of collector are carried out, and the effect of polar collector on the flotation behavior of low-rank coal is deeply explored. This is of great significance to the research and development of high efficiency collector for low rank coal flotation. In this paper, the ash of coal sample is divided into about 26.20%, the dominant particle grade is 0.045 mm, the yield is 68.97 mm, the intermediate density level of the coal slime is higher, and there are more synbiotic bodies; the minerals in the coal are mainly quartz, kaolinite and a small amount of clinopyrite; on the other hand, There are many hydrophilic oxygen-containing functional groups on the coal surface, mainly including C-O Con O and Oo C-O. The contact angle of the coal sample is 60.01 掳, the surface hydrophobicity is weak, and the floatability is poor. Compared with alkane collector, polar collector can greatly improve the flotation effect of low rank coal. Carboxylic acid collector can obtain better flotation effect in less dosage, but it is easy to make the ash content of clean coal higher, in 12 carbon atoms, the alcohol collector carbon chain length has great influence on the ash content of clean coal, the short chain ketone ratio long chain molecule has higher flotation activity. The short chain aldehydes (pentaldehyde) has a good trapping property for low rank coal, but the long chain collector (dodecaldehyde and hexadecanal) will make the combustible body recovery decrease sharply. The collection and selectivity of alkane collector are lower, carboxylic acid collector and ketone collector have higher collection ability and selectivity, and the increase of carbon chain length has a certain influence on their properties. The short chain alcohol has better capture and selectivity than long chain alcohol, and the capture and selectivity of aldehydes are greatly affected by the length of carbon chain. According to the HLB value of the collector, the inorganic property of the carboxylic acid collector is the highest, followed by the alcohol. With the increase of carbon atom, the HLB value of the collector decreases, and the hydrophobicity of the collector decreases. The contact angle of coal sample increased to a certain extent after the action of collector, the contact angle of coal sample increased by 2.50-5.00oafter alkane treatment, and the contact angle of coal sample by carboxylic acid collector increased above 7.50o, and the contact angle of coal sample increased by 8.00o by short chain alcohol. However, long chain alcohol only increased the contact angle of coal samples by about 5.00 o.After the action of ketone collector, the increase of contact angle of coal samples was smaller than that of coal samples treated with 2-octanone. The contact angle of coal samples increased by about 7.00o1 octanal, but the contact angle of long chain aldehydes was only increased by 10.00o. The contact angle is increased by about 5.00o. According to the infrared spectrum analysis of coal sample after the action of collector, the polar collector can be used to bond with coal surface -OH, reduce the hydrophilic area of coal surface, enhance surface hydrophobicity, improve flotation effect, in addition, alcohol, ketone, Aldehydes can be adsorbed to nonpolar regions of coal surface.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD94;TD923.13
本文编号：2197458
[Abstract]:With the improvement of coal mining and coal preparation mechanization, the production of fine coal slime increases, coking coal as a scarce coal, flotation operation is generally set up in the coal preparation process for the separation and recovery of fine coal. But in the separation process of long flame coal and uncaking coal, flotation is usually not carried out, mainly because of the large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of low rank coal, which makes hydrophobicity weak, difficult to flotation and high economic cost. Nowadays, the contradiction between the increase of coal slime production and the treatment method is becoming more and more sharp, so it is urgent to promote the industrial production of low-rank coal flotation, and to develop a collector suitable for low-rank coal flotation is one of the most feasible ways to promote its industrial production. In this paper, the fine coal slime in a coal preparation plant of Shenhua Shendong is taken as the research object, its basic properties are analyzed comprehensively, the flotation tests of various kinds of collector are carried out, and the effect of polar collector on the flotation behavior of low-rank coal is deeply explored. This is of great significance to the research and development of high efficiency collector for low rank coal flotation. In this paper, the ash of coal sample is divided into about 26.20%, the dominant particle grade is 0.045 mm, the yield is 68.97 mm, the intermediate density level of the coal slime is higher, and there are more synbiotic bodies; the minerals in the coal are mainly quartz, kaolinite and a small amount of clinopyrite; on the other hand, There are many hydrophilic oxygen-containing functional groups on the coal surface, mainly including C-O Con O and Oo C-O. The contact angle of the coal sample is 60.01 掳, the surface hydrophobicity is weak, and the floatability is poor. Compared with alkane collector, polar collector can greatly improve the flotation effect of low rank coal. Carboxylic acid collector can obtain better flotation effect in less dosage, but it is easy to make the ash content of clean coal higher, in 12 carbon atoms, the alcohol collector carbon chain length has great influence on the ash content of clean coal, the short chain ketone ratio long chain molecule has higher flotation activity. The short chain aldehydes (pentaldehyde) has a good trapping property for low rank coal, but the long chain collector (dodecaldehyde and hexadecanal) will make the combustible body recovery decrease sharply. The collection and selectivity of alkane collector are lower, carboxylic acid collector and ketone collector have higher collection ability and selectivity, and the increase of carbon chain length has a certain influence on their properties. The short chain alcohol has better capture and selectivity than long chain alcohol, and the capture and selectivity of aldehydes are greatly affected by the length of carbon chain. According to the HLB value of the collector, the inorganic property of the carboxylic acid collector is the highest, followed by the alcohol. With the increase of carbon atom, the HLB value of the collector decreases, and the hydrophobicity of the collector decreases. The contact angle of coal sample increased to a certain extent after the action of collector, the contact angle of coal sample increased by 2.50-5.00oafter alkane treatment, and the contact angle of coal sample by carboxylic acid collector increased above 7.50o, and the contact angle of coal sample increased by 8.00o by short chain alcohol. However, long chain alcohol only increased the contact angle of coal samples by about 5.00 o.After the action of ketone collector, the increase of contact angle of coal samples was smaller than that of coal samples treated with 2-octanone. The contact angle of coal samples increased by about 7.00o1 octanal, but the contact angle of long chain aldehydes was only increased by 10.00o. The contact angle is increased by about 5.00o. According to the infrared spectrum analysis of coal sample after the action of collector, the polar collector can be used to bond with coal surface -OH, reduce the hydrophilic area of coal surface, enhance surface hydrophobicity, improve flotation effect, in addition, alcohol, ketone, Aldehydes can be adsorbed to nonpolar regions of coal surface.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD94;TD923.13
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