白钨矿浮选捕收剂的性能评价及浮选机理研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 18:00

【摘要】：分离白钨矿与钙质矿物是浮选白钨矿的一大难点,已逐渐成为选矿界的研究焦点,这主要是由于钙质矿物与白钨矿表面性质及可浮性相近。本文采用单矿物浮选试验对美狄兰、油酸钠、辛基羟肟酸、水杨羟肟酸、731、苯甲羟肟酸等六种捕收剂的浮选行为进行了研究,以及采用红外光谱、动电位等先进测试手段,对其作用机理进行了研究。白钨矿单矿物浮选研究表明,采用美狄兰、油酸钠、辛基羟肟酸和731时,白钨矿的浮选行为较好,尤其美狄兰对白钨矿的浮选效果更佳,当美狄兰的加入量为50mg/L时,白钨矿回收率就已经超过了95%,而且浮选p H值范围较广。而水杨和苯甲羟肟酸对白钨矿的捕收作用很弱,当二者用量分别为200mg/L时,白钨矿几乎不上浮,回收率仅仅约20%,且当二者加入量分别超过600mg/L时,白钨矿回收率也仅仅80%左右,可能需要配合使用一定量的活化剂才可以达到较佳的浮选效果。六种捕收剂的捕收能力从强到弱排序为美狄兰、辛基羟肟酸、油酸钠、苯甲羟肟酸、731、水杨羟肟酸。四种单矿物浮选试验结果表明,美狄兰在整个研究的p H范围内对石英的浮选性能都较差,可将白钨矿与石英进行有效分离;在p H为6~12之间,萤石、方解石回收率维持在90%以上,但添加水玻璃后,萤石得到了有效抑制,尤其在p H为8左右时,萤石回收率比白钨矿回收率低70%左右,可使白钨矿与萤石有效分离。水玻璃对方解石的抑制效果欠佳,但在水玻璃用量达到2500mg/L时,方解石的回收率急剧下降,与白钨矿的回收率相差较大,有望实现二者的分离。采用辛基羟肟酸作捕收剂时,虽然加入一定量的水玻璃能够抑制方解石和萤石,但与美狄兰相比,白钨矿的回收率较低,而且当水玻璃用量超过2000mg/L时,白钨矿的回收率下降较快。人工混合矿分离试验也表明了美狄兰作白钨矿捕收剂时,浮选分离效果较好。红外光谱分析结果表明,六种捕收剂在白钨矿表面发生了化学吸附。吸附量测定结果表明,捕收剂在白钨矿表面的吸附量与矿浆p H值有关,其变化趋势与白钨矿单矿物浮选试验规律基本一致,并且在一定捕收剂用量范围内,捕收剂用量越大,矿物吸附量也越多。接触角测定结果表明,使用美狄兰、辛基羟肟酸作白钨矿捕收剂,白钨矿表面接触角较大,而油酸钠、731、苯甲羟肟酸、水杨羟肟酸作用于白钨矿后,白钨矿表面接触角相比美狄兰和辛基羟肟酸较小。ξ-电位测定结果表明,与无捕收剂作用时相比,美狄兰、辛基羟肟酸作用后的白钨矿表面的ξ-电位发生负移,说明捕收剂与白钨矿表面发生了一定的化学吸附。
[Abstract]:Separation of scheelite and calcium minerals is a major difficulty in flotation of scheelite, and has gradually become the focus of research in the field of mineral processing, mainly because the surface properties and floatability of calcium minerals and scheelite are similar. In this paper, the flotation behavior of medeland, sodium oleate, octyl hydroxamic acid, salicyloxime acid 731 and benzohydroxamic acid were studied by single mineral flotation test. The mechanism of its action was studied. The flotation behavior of scheelite was studied by using Metallol, sodium oleate, octyl hydroxamic acid and 731. The flotation behavior of scheelite was better, especially when the addition of Metdrin was 50mg/L, the flotation effect of Scheelite was better. The recovery rate of scheelite is over 95 and the pH value of flotation is wide. However, salicylidene and benzyl hydroxamic acid have very weak effect on the collection of scheelite. When the dosage of them is 200mg/L, the wolframite almost does not rise, the recovery rate is only about 20%, and the recovery rate of scheelite is only about 80% when the addition amount of both is more than 600mg/L, respectively. It may be necessary to use a certain amount of activator in order to achieve a better flotation effect. The order of collecting ability of six kinds of collectors from strong to weak are Medilan, octyl hydroxamic acid, sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid 731 and salicylhydroxamic acid. The results of flotation tests of four single minerals show that the flotation performance of quartz is poor in the range of pH, and the scheelite can be effectively separated from quartz, and fluorite can be separated from quartz in the range of pH = 6 ~ (12). The recovery rate of calcite is above 90%, but fluorite can be effectively inhibited by adding sodium silicate. Especially when pH is about 8, the recovery of fluorite is about 70% lower than that of scheelite, which can effectively separate scheelite from fluorite. The inhibition effect of water glass on calcite is not good, but when the amount of sodium silicate reaches 2500mg/L, the recovery of calcite decreases sharply, which is different from that of scheelite, which is expected to achieve the separation of the two. When octyl hydroxamic acid is used as collector, calcite and fluorite can be inhibited by adding a certain amount of water glass, but the recovery of scheelite is lower than that of medeland, and when the amount of water glass exceeds 2000mg/L, The recovery rate of scheelite decreases rapidly. The separation experiment of artificial mixed ore also shows that the flotation separation effect is better when Medeland is used as the collector of scheelite. The results of infrared spectrum analysis show that the six collectors have chemisorption on the surface of scheelite. The results show that the adsorption amount of collector on the surface of scheelite is related to pH value of slurry, and its changing trend is basically consistent with the flotation test of single mineral of scheelite, and the larger the amount of collector is, the larger the amount of collector is in a certain range of collector dosage. The amount of mineral adsorption is also more. The results of contact angle measurement showed that the surface contact angle of scheelite was higher when Metallol and octyl hydroxamic acid were used as collector, while sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and salicyloxime acid acted on scheelite. The surface contact angle of scheelite is smaller than that of medeland and octyl hydroxamic acid. The result of 尉 potential measurement shows that there is a negative shift of 尉 potential on the surface of scheelite after the action of medelan and octyl hydroxamic acid compared with that without collector. It shows that the collector and the surface of scheelite have a certain amount of chemisorption.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD923.13;TD954

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