煤矿区植被修复中生物土壤结皮基本特性研究
发布时间：2018-09-06 07:49
【摘要】：生物土壤结皮广泛存在于干旱、半干旱地区,其研究已成为干旱、半干旱地区生物学研究的前沿领域之一。组成生物土壤结皮的苔藓和藻类植物是常见的先锋拓殖植物,它们对受损生态系统植被恢复过程中的土壤养分循环、维管植物的萌发和生长等生态过程具有重要作用。为了解矿区植被修复过程中生物土壤结皮的基本特征与土壤质量的变化,明确苔藓类、藻类生物土壤结皮光合固碳速率对水热因子的响应特征。以内蒙古鄂尔多斯市准格尔旗黑岱沟露天煤矿受损生态系统植被恢复区分布的生物土壤结皮为研究对象,通过对生物土壤结皮的种类组成、盖度、厚度的调查来反映生物土壤结皮的基本特征;通过对土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性的测定来反映植被修复过程中土壤质量的变化。以两种生物土壤结皮(藓结皮和藻结皮)为材料,通过人工培养箱控制温度和水分,研究生物土壤结皮光合固碳活性对水热因子的响应。结果表明:1、生物土壤结皮的组成种类主要是藓类结皮和藻类结皮,经过20年的修复平均覆盖面积已达到了50%以上,平均厚度超过了0.45cm。BSC总盖度乔草型草本型乔灌草型乔木型,结皮总厚度乔灌草型乔草型乔木型草本型。表明对矿区退化生态系统进行人工植被建立有利于生物土壤结皮的拓殖和发育,尤以乔灌草型和乔草型效果最好。2、藓类和藻类结皮光合固碳的最适温度分别为20~25℃和15~20℃,最适降水量均为2mm。藓结皮光合固碳活性显著高于藻结皮。温度和水分均显著影响生物土壤结皮光合固碳活性,且温度、水分及结皮类型三者之间的交互效应也显著影响生物土壤结皮光合固碳活性。3、生物土壤结皮能改善表层土壤的理化性质和酶活性,所有样地0-10cm层次土壤理化性质和酶活性均大于10-20cm层次。不同植被类型生物土壤结皮改善土壤理化性质和酶活性的程度为乔灌草型乔草型草本型乔木型。随着植被恢复年限增加,生物土壤结皮在地表拓殖和发育,土壤p H值有下降趋势,土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性随之增加,有利于土壤性质的改善,反过来进一步促进生物土壤结皮的拓殖和发育。
[Abstract]:Biological soil crust widely exists in arid and semi-arid areas, and its research has become one of the frontier fields of biological research in arid and semi-arid areas. Mosses and algae, which make up the soil crust, are common pioneer colonization plants. They play an important role in soil nutrient cycling and vascular plant germination and growth in the process of vegetation restoration in damaged ecosystems. In order to understand the basic characteristics of biological soil crust and the change of soil quality in the process of vegetation restoration in mining area, the response characteristics of photosynthetic carbon sequestration rate of bryophyte and algae soil crust to hydrothermal factors were determined. The biological soil crust distribution in the damaged ecosystem vegetation restoration area of Heidaigou opencast coal mine in Zhungeer Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, was studied. The species composition and coverage of biological soil crust were studied. The investigation of soil thickness reflects the basic characteristics of biological soil crust, and the changes of soil quality during vegetation restoration are reflected by the determination of soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activities. The response of photosynthetic carbon sequestration activity of biological soil crust to hydrothermal factors was studied by controlling temperature and moisture in artificial incubator with two kinds of biological soil crust (mossy crust and algal crust) as materials. The results showed that the species of soil crusts were mainly mosses and algae crusts. After 20 years of restoration, the average coverage area had reached more than 50%, and the average thickness exceeded the total coverage of 0.45cm.BSC herbaceous Arbor, Arbor shrub herbaceous Arbor. Total thickness of crust Arbor herbaceous type. The results showed that artificial vegetation was beneficial to the colonization and development of biological soil crust, especially Arbor and Arbor type. The optimum temperature for photosynthesis carbon sequestration of mosses and algae crusts were 2025 鈩，
本文编号：2225708
[Abstract]:Biological soil crust widely exists in arid and semi-arid areas, and its research has become one of the frontier fields of biological research in arid and semi-arid areas. Mosses and algae, which make up the soil crust, are common pioneer colonization plants. They play an important role in soil nutrient cycling and vascular plant germination and growth in the process of vegetation restoration in damaged ecosystems. In order to understand the basic characteristics of biological soil crust and the change of soil quality in the process of vegetation restoration in mining area, the response characteristics of photosynthetic carbon sequestration rate of bryophyte and algae soil crust to hydrothermal factors were determined. The biological soil crust distribution in the damaged ecosystem vegetation restoration area of Heidaigou opencast coal mine in Zhungeer Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, was studied. The species composition and coverage of biological soil crust were studied. The investigation of soil thickness reflects the basic characteristics of biological soil crust, and the changes of soil quality during vegetation restoration are reflected by the determination of soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activities. The response of photosynthetic carbon sequestration activity of biological soil crust to hydrothermal factors was studied by controlling temperature and moisture in artificial incubator with two kinds of biological soil crust (mossy crust and algal crust) as materials. The results showed that the species of soil crusts were mainly mosses and algae crusts. After 20 years of restoration, the average coverage area had reached more than 50%, and the average thickness exceeded the total coverage of 0.45cm.BSC herbaceous Arbor, Arbor shrub herbaceous Arbor. Total thickness of crust Arbor herbaceous type. The results showed that artificial vegetation was beneficial to the colonization and development of biological soil crust, especially Arbor and Arbor type. The optimum temperature for photosynthesis carbon sequestration of mosses and algae crusts were 2025 鈩，
本文编号：2225708
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/kuangye/2225708.html
