姚桥煤矿采煤区地表沉降危险性评价

发布时间：2018-09-09 18:24

【摘要】：随着国民经济的飞速发展,人们对煤炭资源的需求日益增大。大量的煤炭被开采出来,产生多种次生灾害,如：大面积地表沉降、地面塌陷、地裂缝,滑坡、崩塌、地表植被破坏等,给社会带来巨大经济损失,同时也给住在采区上方人员带来安全隐患,因此对采煤区地表沉降的危险性划分危险性是非常有必要的。本文针对姚桥煤矿采煤区地表沉降危险性进行了细致,系统的分析。通过对采煤区地表沉降机理和导致沉降相关因素的探讨,结合采煤区地质、水文、环境和井下四个主要影响因素调查情况,采用层次分析法和GIS综合评价方法对采煤区地表沉降进行危险性评价。根据实际情况,选择层次分析法对矿区进行分层评价,第一层选取11个评价因子,第二层选取4个评价因子,建立矿区的评价模型,评价区域根据井下工作面进行划分,共划分108个,将地表沉降的危险性划分为四个评价等级：危险严重、危险较严重、危险一般、危险较低。运用专家打分法,对各因子进行打分,通过公式计算,得出各因子在采煤区地表沉降中所占的权重值,之后根据危险度评分标准对108个选区进行评分,利用GIS图层叠加的功能,结合各因子的权重值进行叠加运算,得出各区域的危险性等级。根据其中2个采煤区地表沉降实地测量的数据,进行分析处理,得出沉降区域,下沉等值图,依照《姚桥煤矿安全生产规章制度》,验证评价结果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, people's demand for coal resources is increasing day by day. A large amount of coal has been mined out, resulting in a variety of secondary disasters, such as: a large area of land subsidence, ground cracks, landslides, surface vegetation damage, and so on, bringing huge economic losses to society. At the same time, it also brings safety hidden danger to the people living above the mining area, so it is very necessary to divide the risk of the surface subsidence in the mining area. This paper makes a detailed and systematic analysis on the danger of surface subsidence in Yaoqiao coal mining area. Through the discussion of the mechanism of surface subsidence and the factors related to subsidence in coal mining area, combined with the investigation of four main influencing factors of coal mining area, such as geology, hydrology, environment and underground, The method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and comprehensive evaluation of GIS were used to evaluate the risk of surface subsidence in coal mining area. According to the actual situation, the AHP method is selected for stratified evaluation of the mining area. The first layer selects 11 evaluation factors and the second layer selects 4 evaluation factors. The evaluation model of the mining area is established, and the evaluation area is divided according to the underground working face. The risk of surface subsidence is divided into four evaluation grades: serious danger, general danger and low risk. By using the expert scoring method, the factors are scored, and the weight values of each factor in the surface subsidence of coal mining area are obtained by formula calculation, and then 108 districts are graded according to the hazard score standard, and the function of superposition of GIS layer is used to make use of the function of superposition of GIS map layer. Combined with the weight of each factor for superposition operation, the dangerous grade of each region is obtained. According to the data of ground surface subsidence measurement in 2 coal mining areas, the subsidence area and subsidence equivalent map are obtained, and the evaluation results are verified according to the rules and regulations of Yaoqiao Coal Mine Safety production.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD327

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