采煤塌陷山丘区抗塌陷梯田整治设计技术研究
发布时间：2018-09-18 21:56
【摘要】：采煤塌陷山丘区耕地损毁十分严重,探究影响梯田稳定性的主要因素以及田坎内部的破坏模式对抗塌陷梯田的规划设计至关重要。为此,本文选择山西省晋城市泽州县王虎山村西南部、车郭庄村东部共计37.43 hm2耕地作为典型塌陷示范区,在剖析影响梯田稳定性因素的前提下,引入FLAC3D有限差分数值模拟软件,设计抗塌陷梯田的断面尺寸,揭示梯田土体内部的破坏机制,并依靠ArcGIS平台对典型示范区进行抗塌陷梯田的综合整治规划。通过研究得到以下结论:(1)综合单因素敏感性分析、多因素正交试验设计可以发现,土壤重度、粘聚力、内摩擦角、侧坡、坎高对梯田的稳定性均表现出极高的显著水平,显著性从强到弱依次为:粘聚力、重度、侧坡、坎高和内摩擦角。其中,粘聚力、内摩擦角与梯田的稳定性呈正相关,而重度、侧坡、坎高则与其存在负相关关系。(2)FLAC3D能客观预测潜在滑动面的位置和形状,降低了传统安全系数求解过程中的主观性,准确评估梯田稳定性的同时,还能模拟田坎土体内部的应力应变关系,科学解释采煤塌陷山丘区梯田的破坏模式。(3)提出了适合研究区的抗塌陷梯田断面尺寸:当地形坡度为5°时,侧坡坡度取75°,设计田坎高度为1.8 m;地形坡度为10°时,规划田坎坡度为72°,设计坎高2.2 m;地形坡度为15°时,田坎侧坡为70°,设计田坎高度2.7 m,当地形坡度达到20°时,规划田坎坡度65°,设计坎高3.0 m。抗塌陷设计后,安全系数均满足一级边坡的要求,提高了梯田的稳定性。(4)田坎稳定性数值模拟结果表明,田坎受拉应力和压应力的共同作用,压应力分布非常广泛,拉应力则集中在田坎顶部,与塑性区分布特征相呼应,共同反映出梯田整体以压剪破坏模式为主,拉裂破坏仅存在浅层田面。(5)最大剪切应变增量反应田坎潜在滑动面的位置,最大剪切应变增量带形状表明田坎的潜在滑动面为圆弧形,滑动面位置从坡脚贯穿至坡顶,坡脚处的最大剪切应变增量值最大,常发育为潜在滑动体的剪出口。(6)利用ArcGIS平台,结合FLAC3D数值模拟的断面尺寸,能更加科学、合理的进行采煤塌陷山丘区梯田的综合整治规划设计。
[Abstract]:The damage of cultivated land in mining collapse is very serious. It is very important to explore the main factors that affect the stability of terrace and the failure mode inside the field to counteract the planning and design of collapsing terrace. Therefore, in this paper, a total of 37.43 hm2 cultivated land in the southwest of Wanghu Mountain Village, Zezhou County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province, and the eastern part of Cheguozhuang Village are selected as typical collapse demonstration areas. On the premise of analyzing the factors affecting the stability of terraces, FLAC3D finite difference numerical simulation software is introduced. The section size of anti-collapse terrace was designed to reveal the internal failure mechanism of terrace soil, and the comprehensive regulation planning of anti-collapse terrace was carried out by ArcGIS platform. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) according to the single factor sensitivity analysis and the multi-factor orthogonal design, it can be found that the soil gravity, cohesion, internal friction angle, side slope and canyon have a very high significant level on the stability of terrace. The order of significance from strong to weak is cohesion, heavy, side slope, canyon and angle of internal friction. Among them, cohesion and internal friction angle are positively correlated with the stability of terrace, but there is a negative correlation among heavy, lateral slope and canyon. (2) FLAC3D can objectively predict the position and shape of potential slip surface. It can reduce the subjectivity in the traditional safety factor solution process and accurately evaluate the terrace stability, at the same time, it can also simulate the stress-strain relationship in the soil. The failure mode of terrace in mountain and hill area of coal mining collapse is scientifically explained. (3) the section size of anti-collapse terrace is put forward: when the slope of terrain is 5 掳, the slope of side slope is 75 掳, the height of design ridge is 1.8 m, and the slope of terrain is 10 掳. The slope of the planning ridge is 72 掳and the design height is 2.2 m, and when the slope is 15 掳, the slope is 70 掳and the height of the designed ridge is 2.7 m. When the slope reaches 20 掳, the slope of the planning ridge is 65 掳and the design height is 3.0 m. After the collapse resistance design, the safety factor meets the requirements of the first-grade slope and improves the stability of the terrace. (4) the numerical simulation results of the stability of the terrace show that the pressure stress distribution is very extensive due to the joint action of the tensile stress and the compressive stress. The tensile stress is concentrated on the top of the ridge, echoing the distribution of plastic zone, which reflects that the terrace is dominated by compression and shear failure mode, and the tensile fracture exists only on the shallow surface. (5) the maximum shear strain increment reflects the location of the potential slip surface of the terrace. The shape of the maximum shear strain increment zone indicates that the potential slip surface of the field bar is circular, the position of the slip surface is from the foot of the slope to the top of the slope, the maximum shear strain increment at the foot of the slope is the largest, and it is often developed as the shear outlet of the potential sliding body. (6) using the ArcGIS platform, Combined with the section size of FLAC3D numerical simulation, it is more scientific and reasonable to plan and design the comprehensive regulation of the terrace in the mountain and hilly area of coal mining collapse.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD327
[Abstract]:The damage of cultivated land in mining collapse is very serious. It is very important to explore the main factors that affect the stability of terrace and the failure mode inside the field to counteract the planning and design of collapsing terrace. Therefore, in this paper, a total of 37.43 hm2 cultivated land in the southwest of Wanghu Mountain Village, Zezhou County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province, and the eastern part of Cheguozhuang Village are selected as typical collapse demonstration areas. On the premise of analyzing the factors affecting the stability of terraces, FLAC3D finite difference numerical simulation software is introduced. The section size of anti-collapse terrace was designed to reveal the internal failure mechanism of terrace soil, and the comprehensive regulation planning of anti-collapse terrace was carried out by ArcGIS platform. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) according to the single factor sensitivity analysis and the multi-factor orthogonal design, it can be found that the soil gravity, cohesion, internal friction angle, side slope and canyon have a very high significant level on the stability of terrace. The order of significance from strong to weak is cohesion, heavy, side slope, canyon and angle of internal friction. Among them, cohesion and internal friction angle are positively correlated with the stability of terrace, but there is a negative correlation among heavy, lateral slope and canyon. (2) FLAC3D can objectively predict the position and shape of potential slip surface. It can reduce the subjectivity in the traditional safety factor solution process and accurately evaluate the terrace stability, at the same time, it can also simulate the stress-strain relationship in the soil. The failure mode of terrace in mountain and hill area of coal mining collapse is scientifically explained. (3) the section size of anti-collapse terrace is put forward: when the slope of terrain is 5 掳, the slope of side slope is 75 掳, the height of design ridge is 1.8 m, and the slope of terrain is 10 掳. The slope of the planning ridge is 72 掳and the design height is 2.2 m, and when the slope is 15 掳, the slope is 70 掳and the height of the designed ridge is 2.7 m. When the slope reaches 20 掳, the slope of the planning ridge is 65 掳and the design height is 3.0 m. After the collapse resistance design, the safety factor meets the requirements of the first-grade slope and improves the stability of the terrace. (4) the numerical simulation results of the stability of the terrace show that the pressure stress distribution is very extensive due to the joint action of the tensile stress and the compressive stress. The tensile stress is concentrated on the top of the ridge, echoing the distribution of plastic zone, which reflects that the terrace is dominated by compression and shear failure mode, and the tensile fracture exists only on the shallow surface. (5) the maximum shear strain increment reflects the location of the potential slip surface of the terrace. The shape of the maximum shear strain increment zone indicates that the potential slip surface of the field bar is circular, the position of the slip surface is from the foot of the slope to the top of the slope, the maximum shear strain increment at the foot of the slope is the largest, and it is often developed as the shear outlet of the potential sliding body. (6) using the ArcGIS platform, Combined with the section size of FLAC3D numerical simulation, it is more scientific and reasonable to plan and design the comprehensive regulation of the terrace in the mountain and hilly area of coal mining collapse.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD327
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