单轴压缩条件下煤矿岩石破坏过程的声发射特征研究
发布时间：2018-10-05 09:46
【摘要】：本篇文章通过对潘三矿西三采区内细质砂岩、粗质砂岩和砂质泥岩共三组岩芯的采集,运用理论分析、实验室试验以及数值模拟等相结合的方式,对比分析了在相同直径不同高度的情况下,三组岩石试件进行的单轴压缩条件下破坏全过程的声发射试验,从而推断岩石内部性质变化,反演岩石的破坏机制,可对不同尺寸矿柱的破裂失稳、破裂造成位置和破坏模式预测等等进行理论上的参考。 首先,通过单轴压缩实验,比较分析三组岩石试件随着尺寸的不同,其基本力学参数会出现一些规律性变化,即单轴抗压强度会随着尺寸的加大而呈现增强的趋势,同时其变形模量、弹性模量也会随着高径比的加大而增强。 接着,声发射振铃计数变化基本随着应力时间曲线变化反映了岩石试样的破坏变形,从整个试验过程经历了声发射初始阶段、声发射平静阶段、声发射增长阶段、声发射稳定阶段。当每组岩石试件尺寸较小时,其较大数量声发射振铃数在峰之前有多次显著出现,声发射模式属于渐进型；当尺寸较大时,仅在接近应力峰值时突然爆发1次在数量上最显著的声发射事件,该模式属于突跃型。 从声发射能量计数特性图可以看到,它与声发射振铃事件特征图非常吻合。经过对比分析,在同直径不同高径比的情况下,每组岩石试件随着高度的增加,抗压强度的增大其声发射能量累积数越小。但是声发射能量计数变化没有声发射振铃数变化那么明显,在用声发射对岩石的损伤进行检测时,用声发射振铃数来表征岩石的损伤效果会更好一点。 声发射源定位效应可用于确定岩石的裂缝和破坏面、趋势和方向的预期膨胀,并随着同直径不同高径比的变化,三组岩样表现出相同的规律,即随着尺寸增大,试件的抗压强度越来越大,加载时间越来越长,声发射定位事件数量越少,在三维定位图中表现的越稀疏。 在文章最后,通过利用RFPA数值软件反演出其在不同尺寸的情况下,单轴压缩进行时岩石试件变形破坏及声发射试验参数的规律。模拟结果表明,在同直径的情况下,随着高径比的增大,模型岩石试样的单轴抗压强度呈现逐渐增大的趋势,声发射现象也较晚出现,其声发射现活动也逐渐较弱,岩石破坏需要的步数也越多。模拟结果与试验结果基本吻合。
[Abstract]:In this paper, through the collection of fine sandstone, coarse sandstone and sandy mudstone in the West No.3 Mining area of Panshan Coal Mine, a combination of theoretical analysis, laboratory test and numerical simulation is used. Under the condition of the same diameter and different height, the acoustic emission tests of three groups of rock specimens under uniaxial compression condition are compared and analyzed, so as to infer the change of the internal properties of the rock and to invert the failure mechanism of the rock. It can be used as a theoretical reference for the failure instability, location and failure mode prediction of pillar with different sizes. First of all, through uniaxial compression experiment, comparing and analyzing three groups of rock specimen with different size, its basic mechanical parameters will appear some regular changes, that is, uniaxial compressive strength will increase with the increase of size. At the same time, its deformation modulus and elastic modulus will increase with the height-diameter ratio. Then, the change of acoustic emission ringing count basically reflects the failure and deformation of rock specimen with the change of stress time curve. From the whole test process, the initial stage of acoustic emission, the quiet stage of acoustic emission, and the stage of acoustic emission growth are experienced. Acoustic emission stabilization stage. When the size of each group of rock specimens is small, the larger number of acoustic emission rings appears many times before the peak, and the acoustic emission mode belongs to the progressive type, and when the size is larger, Only when the stress peak is near the peak, the most significant acoustic emission event occurs in quantity, and the model belongs to the type of sudden jump. It can be seen from the acoustic emission energy counting characteristic diagram that it is in good agreement with the acoustic emission ringing event characteristic diagram. Through comparative analysis, under the condition of the same diameter and different aspect ratio, the acoustic emission energy accumulation of each rock specimen increases with the increase of the height. However, the change of acoustic emission energy count is not as obvious as the change of acoustic emission ringing number. When acoustic emission is used to detect the damage of rock, it is better to use acoustic emission ring number to characterize the damage of rock. The localization effect of acoustic emission source can be used to determine the expected expansion of fracture and failure surface, trend and direction of rock, and with the change of different height-diameter ratio of the same diameter, the three groups of rock samples show the same law, that is, with the increase of size, The compressive strength of the specimen is increasing, the loading time is getting longer and the number of AE localization events is less, the more sparse it is in the 3D localization map. Finally, by using RFPA numerical software, the rules of deformation, failure and acoustic emission test parameters of rock specimens under uniaxial compression with different sizes are presented. The simulation results show that under the same diameter, the uniaxial compressive strength of the model rock samples increases gradually with the increase of the ratio of height to diameter, the phenomenon of acoustic emission appears later, and the present activity of acoustic emission becomes weaker. The more steps are required for rock failure. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD323
本文编号：2252917
[Abstract]:In this paper, through the collection of fine sandstone, coarse sandstone and sandy mudstone in the West No.3 Mining area of Panshan Coal Mine, a combination of theoretical analysis, laboratory test and numerical simulation is used. Under the condition of the same diameter and different height, the acoustic emission tests of three groups of rock specimens under uniaxial compression condition are compared and analyzed, so as to infer the change of the internal properties of the rock and to invert the failure mechanism of the rock. It can be used as a theoretical reference for the failure instability, location and failure mode prediction of pillar with different sizes. First of all, through uniaxial compression experiment, comparing and analyzing three groups of rock specimen with different size, its basic mechanical parameters will appear some regular changes, that is, uniaxial compressive strength will increase with the increase of size. At the same time, its deformation modulus and elastic modulus will increase with the height-diameter ratio. Then, the change of acoustic emission ringing count basically reflects the failure and deformation of rock specimen with the change of stress time curve. From the whole test process, the initial stage of acoustic emission, the quiet stage of acoustic emission, and the stage of acoustic emission growth are experienced. Acoustic emission stabilization stage. When the size of each group of rock specimens is small, the larger number of acoustic emission rings appears many times before the peak, and the acoustic emission mode belongs to the progressive type, and when the size is larger, Only when the stress peak is near the peak, the most significant acoustic emission event occurs in quantity, and the model belongs to the type of sudden jump. It can be seen from the acoustic emission energy counting characteristic diagram that it is in good agreement with the acoustic emission ringing event characteristic diagram. Through comparative analysis, under the condition of the same diameter and different aspect ratio, the acoustic emission energy accumulation of each rock specimen increases with the increase of the height. However, the change of acoustic emission energy count is not as obvious as the change of acoustic emission ringing number. When acoustic emission is used to detect the damage of rock, it is better to use acoustic emission ring number to characterize the damage of rock. The localization effect of acoustic emission source can be used to determine the expected expansion of fracture and failure surface, trend and direction of rock, and with the change of different height-diameter ratio of the same diameter, the three groups of rock samples show the same law, that is, with the increase of size, The compressive strength of the specimen is increasing, the loading time is getting longer and the number of AE localization events is less, the more sparse it is in the 3D localization map. Finally, by using RFPA numerical software, the rules of deformation, failure and acoustic emission test parameters of rock specimens under uniaxial compression with different sizes are presented. The simulation results show that under the same diameter, the uniaxial compressive strength of the model rock samples increases gradually with the increase of the ratio of height to diameter, the phenomenon of acoustic emission appears later, and the present activity of acoustic emission becomes weaker. The more steps are required for rock failure. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD323
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