利用脉冲功率技术开采海底富钴结壳的试验研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 08:19

【摘要】：为了克服采用传统机械方法开采海底富钴结壳时破碎头易磨损、效率低以及贫化率高等缺点,通过试验方法研究了一种利用脉冲功率技术开采海底富钴结壳的新技术。采用12级全固态Marx电路和半导体开关IGBT研制了高压脉冲电源,该电源可产生负高压方波脉冲,其上升沿上升时间约100ns,最高幅值可达40kV,脉宽可调。破碎方式采用针针电极并与岩石同侧表面紧密接触。为了使两电极与岩石同侧表面接触的部位电势尽可能高,采用不锈钢针作为正、负电极,且电极间距可调。研究发现当电极间距约为3mm时,该电源产生的幅值约32.5kV的高压脉冲可在高压油中的砂岩内部形成等离子通道并破碎砂岩。放电既可发生在高压脉冲上升沿阶段,也可发生在上升沿上升时间之后。从放电过程中的电压电流波形来看,等离子通道回路中有电流时其两端存在明显的压降,因此等离子通道具有阻性,而且阻值在放电过程中是变化的。
[Abstract]:In order to overcome the disadvantages such as easy wear, low efficiency and high dilution rate when using traditional mechanical method to mine cobalt-rich crusts, a new technology of exploiting cobalt-rich crusts on seabed by pulse power technology is studied in this paper. A high voltage pulse power supply is developed by using 12 stage all-solid-state Marx circuit and semiconductor switch IGBT. The power supply can produce negative high voltage square wave pulse. The rising time of rise edge is about 100ns, the maximum amplitude is up to 40kV and the pulse width is adjustable. Needle-needle electrodes and close contact with the ipsilateral surface of the rock are used. In order to make the potential of the two electrodes in contact with the same side surface of rock as high as possible, stainless steel needle is used as positive and negative electrode, and the electrode spacing is adjustable. It is found that when the electrode spacing is about 3mm, the high voltage pulse with amplitude of about 32.5kV can form plasma channel and break sandstone in the sandstone in high pressure oil. The discharge can occur either at the rising edge of the high voltage pulse or after the rising time of the rising edge. From the voltage and current waveform in the discharge process, there is obvious voltage drop at both ends of the plasma channel when there is current in the plasma channel, so the plasma channel has resistance, and the resistance value changes during the discharge process.
【作者单位】：中南大学机电工程学院;中南大学深圳研究院;
【基金】：深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20140506150310437) 中南大学研究生创新项目(2016zzts298)
【分类号】：TD857

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