木工镂铣作业粉尘分布规律研究
发布时间：2018-10-10 15:37
【摘要】：木材加工行业是涉及粉尘危害的行业,作业过程中产生的木粉尘若得不到及时有效的处理,将会严重威胁员工的健康和环境的安全。木工镂铣机床作为木加工行业里应用广泛的一类设备,具有产尘浓度高、治理不规范等特点,人们对该岗位下的粉尘运动和分布规律现状认识较为模糊,同时其除尘技术发展还停留在经验阶段,因此镂铣作业除尘设施存在设置随意、除尘效果不理想等问题,这给该岗位的安全稳定运行带来了较大隐患。因此研究该岗位下产生粉尘的特性及分布规律,对于镂铣作业粉尘治理和人员防护工作具有重大意义。本文采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场测定相结合的方法,基于CFD软件、气固两相流模型和DPM离散相模型,对镂铣作业过程中产生粉尘的基本特性和影响因素,不同除尘工况的粉尘分布规律进行了研究,以哈尔滨某木材加工企业镂铣岗位为例,对粉尘浓度进行现场实测,具体工作内容如下:1.对国内外木粉尘研究现状、气固两相流数值模拟研究现状及木粉尘控制技术研究现状进行总结,并确定本文的研究内容和方法;2.研究镂铣作业产尘的基本特性和影响因素,根据气固两相流理论,对粉尘进行受力分析,建立镂铣作业粉尘运动方程,并分析粉尘的运动和扩散状态;3.利用CFD软件,建立镂铣作业数值模拟计算模型,对不同性质木材和不同切削速度的条件下的粉尘分布规律进行仿真对比,分析各因素对粉尘分布规律的影响;对不同风速、不同位置及不同角度的除尘设施进行仿真,得到一定时间后的粉尘浓度变化情况以及不同参数对粉尘控制效果的影响;4.对镂铣作业岗位粉尘浓度进行实地测试,得到粉尘浓度及分散度等相关数据,通过实测与仿真数据的对比,得到镂铣作业粉尘分布的相关规律。本文通过对镂铣作业粉尘运动进行数值模拟和现场测定,总结出粉尘的分布规律,分析各因素对粉尘分布的影响,同时对三种除尘工况下的除尘效果进行研究,对该岗位粉尘治理提供一定理论依据,同时为其他木工设备粉尘研究工作提供参考。
[Abstract]:Wood processing industry is an industry involving dust hazards. If the wood dust produced in the working process can not be dealt with in a timely and effective manner, it will seriously threaten the health of employees and the safety of the environment. As a kind of equipment widely used in woodworking industry, woodworking and milling machine has the characteristics of high dust concentration and nonstandard treatment. People have a vague understanding of the present situation of dust movement and distribution in this position. At the same time, the development of dust removal technology is still in the experience stage, so there are some problems such as random setting of dust-removing facilities and unsatisfactory dust removal effect, which brings a great hidden danger to the safe and stable operation of the post. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the characteristics and distribution of dust produced in this post for dust control and personnel protection. In this paper, based on CFD software, gas-solid two-phase flow model and DPM discrete phase model, the basic characteristics and influencing factors of dust generation in the process of router milling are studied by using the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement, and based on the software of CFD, the gas-solid two-phase flow model and the DPM discrete phase model. The distribution law of dust in different dedusting working conditions was studied. Taking a wood processing enterprise in Harbin as an example, the dust concentration was measured on the spot. The specific work contents were as follows: 1. The research status of wood dust at home and abroad, the numerical simulation of gas-solid two-phase flow and the research status of wood dust control technology are summarized, and the research contents and methods of this paper are determined. 2. Based on the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow, the mechanical analysis of dust is carried out, and the equation of dust motion is established, and the movement and diffusion of dust are analyzed. 3. By using CFD software, the numerical simulation model of routing and milling operation is established, and the dust distribution law under different wood properties and different cutting speed is simulated and compared, and the influence of various factors on dust distribution law is analyzed, and the influence of different wind speed on dust distribution is analyzed. The dust concentration change and the influence of different parameters on dust control effect are obtained by simulation of dust removal facilities at different positions and different angles. 4. Based on the field test of the dust concentration in the router and milling station, the relevant data such as dust concentration and dispersion are obtained. By comparing the measured data with the simulation data, the relevant rules of dust distribution in router milling are obtained. Through numerical simulation and field measurement of dust movement in router milling operation, the distribution law of dust is summarized, and the influence of various factors on dust distribution is analyzed. At the same time, the dust removal effect under three kinds of dedusting conditions is studied. It provides a theoretical basis for dust control in this post and provides a reference for other woodworking equipment dust research.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD714.4
本文编号：2262325
[Abstract]:Wood processing industry is an industry involving dust hazards. If the wood dust produced in the working process can not be dealt with in a timely and effective manner, it will seriously threaten the health of employees and the safety of the environment. As a kind of equipment widely used in woodworking industry, woodworking and milling machine has the characteristics of high dust concentration and nonstandard treatment. People have a vague understanding of the present situation of dust movement and distribution in this position. At the same time, the development of dust removal technology is still in the experience stage, so there are some problems such as random setting of dust-removing facilities and unsatisfactory dust removal effect, which brings a great hidden danger to the safe and stable operation of the post. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the characteristics and distribution of dust produced in this post for dust control and personnel protection. In this paper, based on CFD software, gas-solid two-phase flow model and DPM discrete phase model, the basic characteristics and influencing factors of dust generation in the process of router milling are studied by using the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement, and based on the software of CFD, the gas-solid two-phase flow model and the DPM discrete phase model. The distribution law of dust in different dedusting working conditions was studied. Taking a wood processing enterprise in Harbin as an example, the dust concentration was measured on the spot. The specific work contents were as follows: 1. The research status of wood dust at home and abroad, the numerical simulation of gas-solid two-phase flow and the research status of wood dust control technology are summarized, and the research contents and methods of this paper are determined. 2. Based on the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow, the mechanical analysis of dust is carried out, and the equation of dust motion is established, and the movement and diffusion of dust are analyzed. 3. By using CFD software, the numerical simulation model of routing and milling operation is established, and the dust distribution law under different wood properties and different cutting speed is simulated and compared, and the influence of various factors on dust distribution law is analyzed, and the influence of different wind speed on dust distribution is analyzed. The dust concentration change and the influence of different parameters on dust control effect are obtained by simulation of dust removal facilities at different positions and different angles. 4. Based on the field test of the dust concentration in the router and milling station, the relevant data such as dust concentration and dispersion are obtained. By comparing the measured data with the simulation data, the relevant rules of dust distribution in router milling are obtained. Through numerical simulation and field measurement of dust movement in router milling operation, the distribution law of dust is summarized, and the influence of various factors on dust distribution is analyzed. At the same time, the dust removal effect under three kinds of dedusting conditions is studied. It provides a theoretical basis for dust control in this post and provides a reference for other woodworking equipment dust research.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD714.4
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