贵州省兴义地区遥感地质解译及矿化蚀变信息提取
发布时间：2018-10-14 12:22
【摘要】：研究区地处贵州省西南部,多为山地地形,喀斯特地貌发育。区内部分地方,地形起伏大,植被茂盛,交通不便,这些因素给1:5万区域地质调查工作造成了一定的困难。本文在分析国内外研究现状的基础上,运用遥感技术,利用遥感软件,对原始遥感数据进行各种预处理与增强处理,结合已有1:20万地质资料和野外实地踏勘,初步建立了遥感地质解译标志,解译出丰富的地质信息,为1:5万区域地质调查工作提供可靠的资料,为野外合理部署工作量和工作重点提供依据,继而减少野外工作量,缩短工作时间,降低填图费用,提高填图精度和质量。随着卫星传感器技术不断进步,遥感影像分辨率不断提高,遥感技术的应用范围也不断变大,其在1:5万区域地质调查工作中的应用尤为重要。本文在遥感地质解译过程中,以SPOT6数据作为原始遥感数据,对其进行正射校正、融合、裁剪等一系列预处理后,以真彩色显示,进行目视解译,获取地层和地质构造信息。同时,用ETM+数据辅助地质构造解译,对ETM+数据进行预处理后,采用线性对比度拉伸、主成分变换等一系列遥感图像增强方法,提高遥感图像的解译和分析能力。这些工作方法为相似地区1:5万区域地质调查工作中遥感信息的提取提供了借鉴作用。在野外实地填图过程中,进一步完善遥感地质解译标志,并对解译草图进行修改和补充,编制了最终的遥感地质解译图。解译结果和精度符合1:5万地质填图工作的要求。同时,采用“掩膜+主成分分析+密度分割”的方法,以ASTER数据作为数据源,提取了研究区的铁染和羟基蚀变信息,并与已有矿产资料进行对比验证,有一处矿点与蚀变带重合,证明该蚀变提取结果的有效性,为下一步找矿工作指明方向。
[Abstract]:The study area is located in the southwest of Guizhou Province, mostly mountainous terrain, karst geomorphology development. In some parts of the region, the topography is large, the vegetation is lush, and the transportation is inconvenient. These factors have caused some difficulties to the regional geological survey work of 1: 50 000. Based on the analysis of the present research situation at home and abroad, this paper makes use of remote sensing technology and remote sensing software to preprocess and enhance the original remote sensing data, combining with the existing 1: 200 000 geological data and field exploration. The remote sensing geological interpretation marks have been preliminarily established to interpret rich geological information, to provide reliable data for the regional geological survey of 1: 50, 000, and to provide the basis for the rational deployment of the workload and the work focus in the field, and then to reduce the field workload. Shorten the working time, reduce the cost of mapping, improve the accuracy and quality of mapping. With the development of satellite sensor technology, the resolution of remote sensing image has been improved, and the application of remote sensing technology has become wider and wider. The application of remote sensing technology in regional geological survey of 1: 50 000 is particularly important. In the process of remote sensing geological interpretation, the SPOT6 data is used as the original remote sensing data. After a series of preprocessing, such as forward correction, fusion, tailoring and so on, the data are displayed in true color, and the information of stratum and geological structure is obtained by visual interpretation. At the same time, a series of remote sensing image enhancement methods, such as linear contrast stretching, principal component transform and so on, are used to improve the interpretation and analysis ability of remote sensing images by using ETM data to aid the interpretation of geological structures. After preprocessing of ETM data, a series of remote sensing image enhancement methods such as linear contrast stretching and principal component transformation are adopted. These methods provide reference for the extraction of remote sensing information in the regional geological survey of 10: 50 000 in similar areas. In the field mapping process, the remote sensing geological interpretation marks are further improved, the sketches are modified and supplemented, and the final remote sensing geological interpretation map is compiled. The interpretation results and accuracy accord with the requirements of 10: 50 000 geological mapping work. At the same time, the method of "mask principal component analysis density segmentation" and ASTER data are used as the data source to extract the information of iron stain and hydroxyl group alteration in the study area, and the results are compared with the existing mineral data. One ore spot coincides with the alteration zone, which proves the effectiveness of the alteration extraction result and points out the direction for the next prospecting work.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P627
本文编号：2270444
[Abstract]:The study area is located in the southwest of Guizhou Province, mostly mountainous terrain, karst geomorphology development. In some parts of the region, the topography is large, the vegetation is lush, and the transportation is inconvenient. These factors have caused some difficulties to the regional geological survey work of 1: 50 000. Based on the analysis of the present research situation at home and abroad, this paper makes use of remote sensing technology and remote sensing software to preprocess and enhance the original remote sensing data, combining with the existing 1: 200 000 geological data and field exploration. The remote sensing geological interpretation marks have been preliminarily established to interpret rich geological information, to provide reliable data for the regional geological survey of 1: 50, 000, and to provide the basis for the rational deployment of the workload and the work focus in the field, and then to reduce the field workload. Shorten the working time, reduce the cost of mapping, improve the accuracy and quality of mapping. With the development of satellite sensor technology, the resolution of remote sensing image has been improved, and the application of remote sensing technology has become wider and wider. The application of remote sensing technology in regional geological survey of 1: 50 000 is particularly important. In the process of remote sensing geological interpretation, the SPOT6 data is used as the original remote sensing data. After a series of preprocessing, such as forward correction, fusion, tailoring and so on, the data are displayed in true color, and the information of stratum and geological structure is obtained by visual interpretation. At the same time, a series of remote sensing image enhancement methods, such as linear contrast stretching, principal component transform and so on, are used to improve the interpretation and analysis ability of remote sensing images by using ETM data to aid the interpretation of geological structures. After preprocessing of ETM data, a series of remote sensing image enhancement methods such as linear contrast stretching and principal component transformation are adopted. These methods provide reference for the extraction of remote sensing information in the regional geological survey of 10: 50 000 in similar areas. In the field mapping process, the remote sensing geological interpretation marks are further improved, the sketches are modified and supplemented, and the final remote sensing geological interpretation map is compiled. The interpretation results and accuracy accord with the requirements of 10: 50 000 geological mapping work. At the same time, the method of "mask principal component analysis density segmentation" and ASTER data are used as the data source to extract the information of iron stain and hydroxyl group alteration in the study area, and the results are compared with the existing mineral data. One ore spot coincides with the alteration zone, which proves the effectiveness of the alteration extraction result and points out the direction for the next prospecting work.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P627
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