提高铜锌多金属硫化矿分选效果试验研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 18:06

【摘要】：铜锌硫化矿难分离的主要困难在于铜锌分选时闪锌矿容易被铜离子或矿石中存在的磁黄铁矿等活化,被活化了的闪锌矿与黄铜矿具有相似的可浮性,从而使铜锌难以实现分离,尤其是当矿石中还含有磁黄铁矿的时候,在铜离子活化闪锌矿的基础上,又加入了亚铁离子和铁离子的影响,使其更难实现铜锌的分离,且磁黄铁矿分子式为Fe1-xS,X=0.1～0.2,由于x的不确定使其很难通过控制pH值来对其进行抑制。某铜锌硫化矿随着开采向深部延伸,地质条件发生变化,矿石中出现了大量的磁黄铁矿,且矿物共生关系变得更为复杂。选矿厂按原有铜、锌依次浮选工艺组织生产,选铜时由于磁黄铁矿的干扰和磨矿细度不足而导致铜锌分离效果不佳,选锌时则由于流程结构不尽合理而导致锌回收率较低。本文针对这些问题开展选矿工艺流程优化研究,在选铜前先通过1次磁选将磁黄铁矿脱除并将入选细度由-0.074 mm占70%提高到-0.074 mm占80%,在选锌时增加1次扫选、1次精选和1次精扫选,最终获得了铜品位为21.68%、锌含量为0.62%、铜回收率为93.14%的铜精矿和锌品位为48.87%、锌回收率为74.92%的锌精矿。与模拟现场工艺流程所获闭路试验指标相比,优化后工艺流程所获铜精矿的铜品位和铜回收率分别提高了0.70%和1.45%、锌含量降低了2.83%,所获锌精矿的锌回收率提高了3.67%,优化效果明显。
[Abstract]:The main difficulty in the separation of copper and zinc sulphide ore is that the sphalerite is easily activated by copper ions or pyrrhotite, and the activated sphalerite has similar floatability to chalcopyrite, which makes it difficult to separate copper and zinc. Especially when there is pyrrhotite in the ore, on the basis of the activation of sphalerite by copper ion, the influence of ferrous ion and iron ion is added, which makes it more difficult to separate copper and zinc. The molecular formula of pyrrhotite is Fe1-xS,X=0.1~0.2, which is difficult to suppress by controlling pH value due to the uncertainty of x. With the development of copper and zinc sulfide ore, the geological conditions change and a large number of pyrrhotite occurs in the ore, and the mineral symbiotic relationship becomes more complicated. The separation effect of copper and zinc is not good due to the interference of pyrrhotite and the lack of grinding fineness, and the recovery rate of zinc is low due to the unreasonable flow structure. Aiming at these problems, this paper studies the optimization of mineral processing process. Before copper is selected, pyrrhotite is removed by one magnetic separation, and the fineness is increased from-0.074 mm to -0.074 mm from 70% to-0.074 mm. In zinc selection, one sweep, one cleaning and one fine cleaning are added. Finally, the copper grade is 21.68, the zinc content is 0.62, the copper concentrate is 93.14%, the zinc grade is 48.87, and the zinc recovery is 74.92%. Compared with the closed circuit test index obtained by simulated field technological process, the copper grade and copper recovery rate of copper concentrate obtained by optimized technological process increased by 0.70% and 1.45% respectively, the zinc content decreased by 2.83%, the zinc recovery rate of zinc concentrate obtained increased 3.67%, and the optimization effect was obvious.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD952

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