硫氧混合型铜矿中Cu及伴生Au,Ag的综合回收

发布时间：2018-10-25 06:58

【摘要】：对国外某铜矿的性质及其影响进行了测试与分析,结果表明,矿石含Cu1.78%,次生硫化铜占有率达18.54%,铜氧化率达28.09%,属硫氧混合型铜矿,回收时应注意防止次生硫化铜的危害,并注重活化与强化捕收研究;黄铁矿含量较高,如何避免黄铁矿被同步捕收、实现铜硫分离,将是综合回收的一个重要难题,这也要求在强化捕收的同时,还应注重捕收剂选择性的提高;矿石中含有较多的易泥化脉石矿物,应注意磨矿过程的合理调控,同时加强矿泥分散;伴生金银主要以粒间和包裹形式存在,且与铜矿物关系密切,有利于在选铜中富集回收,综合回收时应考虑其特殊性,注重强化捕收研究。针对矿石的性质特点,提出了Na_2S屏蔽和消除次生Cu~(2+)、合理调控磨矿细度、联合分散与协同活化、低碱度无石灰浮选、酯类捕收剂混合使用的方案,并考察了方案中各因素的影响,结果表明:磨矿细度调控为-74μm占80%较为合理;Na_2S用量1500 g·t~(-1)、(NH4)2SO4与Na_2S用量之比1∶1时效果最好;酯-205用量100 g·t~(-1),乙氧基羰基硫逐氨基甲酸酯(ECTC)与酯-205按1∶2混合为佳。最终,在最佳条件下,采用"一粗-二精-一扫"硫氧混选工艺,可很好地实现矿石中铜及伴生金银的综合回收。
[Abstract]:The properties and effects of a copper mine abroad are tested and analyzed. The results show that the ore contains 18.54% of Cu1.78%, secondary copper sulfide and 28.09% oxidation rate of copper. The ore belongs to sulfur and oxygen mixed copper mine. The harm of secondary copper sulfide should be prevented in recovery. Therefore, how to avoid the simultaneous capture of pyrite and realize the separation of copper and sulfur will be an important problem for comprehensive recovery, which also requires that the capture of pyrite should be strengthened at the same time. Attention should also be paid to the improvement of the selectivity of the collector; the ore contains more easily muddy gangue minerals, the reasonable regulation of the grinding process should be paid attention to, and the dispersion of the slime should be strengthened. The associated gold and silver mainly exist in the form of intergranular and encapsulated. Because of its close relationship with copper minerals, it is beneficial to concentrate and recover copper in the process of copper concentration. The particularity of comprehensive recovery should be taken into account and the research of intensive capture should be emphasized. According to the characteristics of ore, the scheme of shielding and eliminating secondary Cu~ (2) by Na_2S, controlling grinding fineness reasonably, combining dispersion and synergistic activation, low alkalinity without lime floatation and mixed use of ester collector are put forward. The effects of various factors in the scheme were investigated. The results showed that the control of grinding fineness to -74 渭 m was reasonable, and the ratio of 1500 g t ~ (-1), (NH4) 2SO4 to Na_2S was the best when the dosage of Na_2S was 1500 g / t ~ (-1) 2SO4 / Na_2S at 1:1. The amount of ester-205 was 100g t ~ (-1), and the mixture of ethoxycarbonyl thio carbamate (ECTC) and ester 205 was 1:2. Finally, under the best conditions, the comprehensive recovery of copper and associated gold and silver in ore can be realized by using the mixed separation process of "one coarse, two fine, one sweep" sulfur and oxygen.
【作者单位】：昆明理工大学省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室;昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51304090,51174103) 云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2013Y323)资助
【分类号】：TD95

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