马坑铁矿中矿段采空区稳定性分析及其治理技术

发布时间：2018-11-07 16:32

【摘要】：采空区是地下矿山的一大安全隐患,采空区失稳导致的地压灾害既威胁生产安全,也影响矿石资源的充分回收。本文针对马坑铁矿中矿段采空区稳定性及残矿回收问题,通过现场调查、理论分析结合数值模拟的研究方法,以典型复杂采空为例,研究了马坑铁矿中矿段采空区分布现状、稳定性状况,得到采空区稳定性分级评价结果,提出采空区治理及残矿回采建议。论文开展的主要研究如下:(1)通过现场调查和研究采空区现有图纸、数据资料,对中矿段采空区的地质水文特征、分布状况、几何参数、空间形态进行分析,掌握采空区分布现状及工程环境;对影响采空区稳定性的因素进行分析总结,为理论分析做准备。(2)利用AHP法建立层次分析模型,对影响采空区稳定性的多种因素进行单层次和多层次分析,得到影响因素权重排序;根据层次分析权重排序结果,选取对采空区稳定性影响较大的因素,采用FCE法构建评价指标体系,建立模糊数学模型,对采空区进行二级模糊综合评判,得到各采空区的稳定性分级结果。(3)运用有限元数值计算程序ANSYS对典型采空区,从静力分析和动力分析两方面进行数值模拟计算,通过分析采空区开挖前后围岩应力场,位移变化及塑性区分布,得到采空区稳定性结果,并模拟了矿柱回采过程中爆破震动作用对采空区稳定性的影响;然后将此方法应用于四块段12个采空区,计算结果与模糊综合评价法对比,得到最终的采空区稳定性综合评价结果。(4)在上述研究成果的基础上,将采空区分为A、B、C三类,提出分类治理方法和残矿安全回采建议,以典型采空区为例制定了具体的矿柱回采和空区处理方案,并从技术经济上验证了其可行性。
[Abstract]:Goaf is one of the hidden dangers in underground mine. The ground pressure disaster caused by the instability of goaf not only threatens the safety of production but also affects the full recovery of ore resources. In this paper, aiming at the problems of goaf stability and residual ore recovery in the middle section of Makeng Iron Mine, the present situation of goaf distribution in the middle section of Makeng Iron Mine is studied by field investigation, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, taking typical complex mining as an example. According to the stability of goaf, the classification evaluation results of goaf stability are obtained, and some suggestions on the treatment of goaf and the mining of residual ore are put forward. The main research in this paper is as follows: (1) through field investigation and research on the existing drawings and data of goaf, the geological and hydrological characteristics, distribution, geometric parameters and spatial form of goaf are analyzed. Grasp the current situation of goaf distribution and engineering environment; The factors affecting the stability of goaf are analyzed and summarized to prepare for the theoretical analysis. (2) using AHP method to establish the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model, and to analyze many factors affecting the stability of goaf by single level and multi-level analysis. The weight order of influencing factors is obtained. According to the weight ranking result of AHP, the factors which have a great influence on the stability of goaf are selected, the evaluation index system is constructed by FCE method, the fuzzy mathematical model is established, and the second-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of goaf is carried out. The stability classification results of each goaf are obtained. (3) the finite element numerical calculation program ANSYS is used to simulate and calculate the stress field of surrounding rock in the typical goaf from static analysis and dynamic analysis, and the stress field of surrounding rock before and after excavation is analyzed. The stability of goaf is obtained by displacement change and plastic zone distribution, and the effect of blasting vibration on the stability of goaf is simulated. Then the method is applied to 12 goaf areas in four blocks, and the calculated results are compared with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the final comprehensive evaluation results of goaf stability are obtained. (4) on the basis of the above research results, the goaf is divided into Agna B, Category C, the classified treatment method and the suggestion of safe mining of residual ore are put forward. Taking typical goaf as an example, the concrete project of pillar extraction and treatment of goaf is established, and the feasibility of this scheme is verified from the point of view of technology and economy.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD853.391

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