昆明盐矿溶腔上溶顶板稳定性及覆岩变形研究

发布时间：2018-11-08 07:12

【摘要】：近年来,随着人类把盐类矿物作为重要的工业原材料,对于岩盐溶腔开采稳定性开展的研究也越来越多,越来越深入。本文以昆明盐矿项目为依托,采用物理力学试验、数值模拟等方法研究溶腔垂直上溶50-100m的稳定性,主要研究工作如下：(1)对研究区自然地理、经济地理、地质构造、地层岩性、水文、工程、环境地质等方面进行资料收集与分析,初步了解研究区的区域地质背景。通过工程,水文地质勘察,工程地质测绘,基本查明了研究区地层、构造、地下水类型、含(隔)水层特征、地下水补、径、排条件、工程地质岩组、结构面特征、环境地质等。(2)通过对研究区各类岩土体的采样、试验等工作,获取了相关工程岩组的物理力学参数。结合溶腔开采方法和相关数据对溶腔开采过程中溶腔可控性进行研究,得出溶腔开采可控性的重要结论——溶腔形态可以通过生产过程中的人为调控克服矿体本身内在因素对溶腔形态的影响,外部调控在溶腔形态发展中起着决定性作用。(3)基于溶腔所处的地质环境——已知顶板厚度,且顶板岩层比较完整、强度较高、层理厚,以及岩体物理力学性质,对五种现有计算地下硐室顶板稳定性公式进行了比较,最后选择了板梁理论来对溶腔开采稳定性进行理论计算。(4)运用ANSYS数值模拟软件对溶腔上溶开采后溶腔的稳定性进行计算,综合理论计算和数值模拟结果,只要保证在向上垂直扩溶过程中不发生侧向扩溶,保证矿柱的完整性和宽度不发生缩小,相邻腔体不连通,以目前的矿柱尺寸向上垂直扩溶50-100m后,溶腔顶板破坏的可能性小、矿柱发生整体破坏的可能性小,溶腔是稳定的,扩容是可行的。综合预测腔体大规模连通情况下,地表移动范围为以井口为中心约400m半径内。此研究方法及结论可以推广到类似的矿山开采研究中,具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as salt minerals are regarded as important industrial raw materials, more and more researches have been carried out on the stability of rock salt cavities mining. In this paper, based on Kunming Salt Mine Project, the stability of solution 50-100m on vertical solution cavity is studied by means of physical mechanics test and numerical simulation. The main research work is as follows: (1) physical geography, economic geography, geological structure, etc. The data of stratigraphic lithology, hydrology, engineering and environmental geology were collected and analyzed, and the regional geological background of the study area was preliminarily understood. By means of engineering, hydrogeological survey and engineering geological mapping, the strata, structures, types of groundwater, characteristics of water-bearing (separated) layers, groundwater recharge, diameter, discharge conditions, engineering geological rock formation, structural surface characteristics in the study area have been basically ascertained. Environmental geology and so on. (2) the physical and mechanical parameters of related engineering rock groups are obtained by sampling and testing of various rock and soil in the study area. The controllability of dissolved cavity in the process of cavity mining is studied by combining with the method of cavity mining and relevant data. The important conclusion of the controllability of cavities mining is that the cavities shape can overcome the influence of the internal factors of ore body on the cavity morphology through artificial control in the production process. External regulation plays a decisive role in the development of cavity morphology. (3) based on the geological environment in which the cavity is located-known roof thickness, and the relatively complete roof rock layer, high strength, bedding thickness, and the physical and mechanical properties of rock mass, Five existing formulas for calculating the roof stability of underground chambers are compared. Finally, the plate-beam theory is selected to calculate the stability of the cavities. (4) the stability of the cavities after the dissolution mining is calculated by using the ANSYS software, and the results of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation are synthesized. As long as there is no lateral expansion during the upward vertical expansion, the integrity and width of the pillar will not be reduced, and the adjacent cavities will not be connected. The possibility of roof failure is small, the possibility of pillar failure is small, the cavity is stable and the expansion is feasible. In the case of large scale connectivity of cavities, the range of surface movement is within a radius of about 400m centered on the wellhead. This research method and conclusion can be extended to similar mining research and has certain reference value.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD327.2

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