矿用电机车开关磁阻电机调速系统控制策略研究
发布时间：2018-11-08 13:59
【摘要】：矿用电机车是矿山运输的重要工具,矿山运输工作环境恶劣,要求牵引电机起动力矩大、过载能力强、能频繁起制动及安全可靠等。早期矿用电机车主要采用直流传动,因其具有良好的调速特性,但直流传动存在直流电机结构复杂、维护困难、效率低等不足;交流电动机虽没有上述缺点,但因调速困难而未能在矿用电机车电传动系统中得到推广应用,直到目前随着电力电子技术的发展及矢量控制等高性能交流调速控制策略的提出,使得交流调速的性能已达到或超过了直流调速,才实现了由直流调速向交流调速的过渡,目前矿用电机车已大多采用基于交流异步电机的变频调速控制系统。然而对于矿用电机车的应用工况来说,交流异步电机虽然克服了直流电机存在的上述缺点,但也存在起动电流大、过载能力低及功率因素不高等不足,故仍然不够理想。开关磁阻电机(SRM)由于具有结构简单坚固、成本低、起动转矩大、起动电流小和可靠性高等系列优点而适合应用于矿用电机车的电传动系统中。论文就开关磁阻电机应用于矿用电机车的相关控制方法展开研究。论文首先简要介绍了矿用电机车的研究现状及存在的问题,阐述了开关磁阻电机的基本特点及发展现状,提出采用开关磁阻电机应用于矿用电机车电传动系统中,介绍了论文的基本结构和主要内容。接着介绍了SRM的基本结构、电路方程、数学模型及SRM调速系统的基本组成,阐述了SRM传统控制方法的基本原理并进行了对比分析,针对SRM存在转矩脉动大的问题分析了原因,并结合矿用电机车的工况特点,在矿用电机车SRM调速系统中提出采用基于自适应模糊PI控制的直接转矩控制策略。针对上述基于自适应模糊PI控制的直接转矩控制控制策略的具体设计方法进行研究,即以转速控制作为控制外环,采用自适应模糊PI控制策略,而以转矩控制作为控制内环,采用直接转矩控制策略,分别就控制内环和外环的具体设计方法进行了理论分析和设计研究。构建仿真模型,对上述控制策略的控制效果进行仿真验证,同时与传统控制方法进行对比仿真分析,仿真结果证明了该控制策略的有效性和可行性。以某型号开关磁阻电机为实验对象,以TMS320F2812为系统控制器设计了相应的SRM调速控制系统实验装置。通过该实验装置对上述理论研究作进一步的实验验证,并对相应的控制算法进行修正与完善,为实现开关磁阻电机在矿用电机车电传动系统中的工程应用提供参考。
[Abstract]:Mine electric locomotive is an important tool for mine transportation. The working environment of mine transportation is bad, which requires large starting torque of traction motor, strong overload capacity, frequent braking, safety and reliability, and so on. The early mine electric locomotives mainly used DC drive, because of its good speed regulation characteristics, but DC drive DC motor structure is complex, difficult to maintain, low efficiency and other shortcomings; Although the AC motor does not have the above disadvantages, it can not be popularized and applied in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive because of the difficulty of regulating speed. Until now, with the development of power electronics technology and the development of vector control, the high performance AC speed regulation control strategy has been put forward. The performance of AC speed regulation has reached or exceeded that of DC speed regulation, and the transition from DC speed regulation to AC speed regulation has been realized. At present, most mine electric locomotives have adopted frequency conversion speed control system based on AC asynchronous motor. However, for mine electric locomotives, although AC asynchronous motor overcomes the shortcomings of DC motor, it also has some shortcomings, such as large starting current, low overload capacity and low power factor, so it is still not ideal. The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, large starting torque, low starting current and high reliability, so it is suitable for the electric transmission system of mine electric locomotives. In this paper, the related control methods of switched reluctance motor applied to mine electric locomotive are studied. Firstly, the paper briefly introduces the research status and existing problems of mine electric locomotive, expounds the basic characteristics and development status of switched reluctance motor, and puts forward the application of switched reluctance motor in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive. The basic structure and main contents of this paper are introduced. Then the basic structure of SRM, circuit equation, mathematical model and the basic composition of SRM speed control system are introduced. The basic principle of traditional control method of SRM is expounded and compared and analyzed. The reasons for the problem of large torque ripple in SRM are analyzed. Combined with the characteristics of mine electric locomotive, a direct torque control strategy based on adaptive fuzzy PI control is put forward in the SRM speed regulation system of mine electric locomotive. The specific design method of the direct torque control strategy based on adaptive fuzzy PI control is studied, that is, the speed control is used as the outer loop, the adaptive fuzzy PI control strategy is adopted, and the torque control is used as the inner control loop. Using direct torque control (DTC) strategy, the design methods of inner loop and outer loop are analyzed and studied respectively. The simulation model is constructed and the control effect of the above control strategy is verified by simulation. At the same time, the control strategy is compared with the traditional control method. The simulation results show that the control strategy is effective and feasible. Taking a certain type of switched reluctance motor as the experimental object and TMS320F2812 as the system controller, the corresponding experimental device of the SRM speed regulating control system is designed. The experimental device is used to verify the above theoretical research, and the corresponding control algorithm is modified and perfected, which provides a reference for the engineering application of switched reluctance motor in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD634;TM352
本文编号：2318697
[Abstract]:Mine electric locomotive is an important tool for mine transportation. The working environment of mine transportation is bad, which requires large starting torque of traction motor, strong overload capacity, frequent braking, safety and reliability, and so on. The early mine electric locomotives mainly used DC drive, because of its good speed regulation characteristics, but DC drive DC motor structure is complex, difficult to maintain, low efficiency and other shortcomings; Although the AC motor does not have the above disadvantages, it can not be popularized and applied in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive because of the difficulty of regulating speed. Until now, with the development of power electronics technology and the development of vector control, the high performance AC speed regulation control strategy has been put forward. The performance of AC speed regulation has reached or exceeded that of DC speed regulation, and the transition from DC speed regulation to AC speed regulation has been realized. At present, most mine electric locomotives have adopted frequency conversion speed control system based on AC asynchronous motor. However, for mine electric locomotives, although AC asynchronous motor overcomes the shortcomings of DC motor, it also has some shortcomings, such as large starting current, low overload capacity and low power factor, so it is still not ideal. The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, large starting torque, low starting current and high reliability, so it is suitable for the electric transmission system of mine electric locomotives. In this paper, the related control methods of switched reluctance motor applied to mine electric locomotive are studied. Firstly, the paper briefly introduces the research status and existing problems of mine electric locomotive, expounds the basic characteristics and development status of switched reluctance motor, and puts forward the application of switched reluctance motor in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive. The basic structure and main contents of this paper are introduced. Then the basic structure of SRM, circuit equation, mathematical model and the basic composition of SRM speed control system are introduced. The basic principle of traditional control method of SRM is expounded and compared and analyzed. The reasons for the problem of large torque ripple in SRM are analyzed. Combined with the characteristics of mine electric locomotive, a direct torque control strategy based on adaptive fuzzy PI control is put forward in the SRM speed regulation system of mine electric locomotive. The specific design method of the direct torque control strategy based on adaptive fuzzy PI control is studied, that is, the speed control is used as the outer loop, the adaptive fuzzy PI control strategy is adopted, and the torque control is used as the inner control loop. Using direct torque control (DTC) strategy, the design methods of inner loop and outer loop are analyzed and studied respectively. The simulation model is constructed and the control effect of the above control strategy is verified by simulation. At the same time, the control strategy is compared with the traditional control method. The simulation results show that the control strategy is effective and feasible. Taking a certain type of switched reluctance motor as the experimental object and TMS320F2812 as the system controller, the corresponding experimental device of the SRM speed regulating control system is designed. The experimental device is used to verify the above theoretical research, and the corresponding control algorithm is modified and perfected, which provides a reference for the engineering application of switched reluctance motor in the electric drive system of mine electric locomotive.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD634;TM352
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