乳化液泵曲轴的有限元分析及结构优化

发布时间：2018-11-14 15:23

【摘要】：随着综采设备工作环境复杂性的增大,乳化液泵的性能也随之提高,即大流量、高压、结构紧凑。曲轴作为乳化液泵的关键零部件之一,将旋转运动转化为往复直线运动。在曲轴的工作过程中,其工况复杂,承受着由周期性的交变载荷所带来的复杂扭转应力和弯曲应力,所以在一定程度上极易造成曲轴的变形和工作失效。因此曲轴的可靠性直接影响到乳化液泵的稳定性和安全性。由此可见,如何准确的分析计算曲轴危险截面处的应力应变,以及对这些危险部位如何进行结构优化,这已经成为曲轴结构设计的重要问题。实践表明,某系三拐四支撑乳化液泵曲轴运行时出现失效,因此本文以该曲轴为研究对象,分析有关曲轴在装配存在偏心和不存在偏心的条件下,不同工况的结构强度及改进的问题。首先,对乳化液泵的曲轴系在理论上进行运动学分析和动力学分析,推导出有关柱塞、连杆和曲轴的相关运动方程及受力公式。其次,利用三维建模软件Pro/e对乳化液泵曲轴系的各个部件进行三维建模并装配。将装配好的曲轴系模型导入到Ansys workbench12的多体动力学模块,进行曲轴的运动学和动力学仿真分析,得到了柱塞的位移和速度曲线图以及各个曲拐与连杆之间的相互作用力。再次,利用有限元软件Ansys workbench12的静力分析模块和瞬态动力学模块对曲轴整体进行分析,分析计算其不同工况下的曲轴应力应变,并且得出了应力值最大的工况及位置。最后,对曲轴进行模态分析,得出了不同阶次的振型。最终根据计算的曲轴应力最大值进行结构尺寸优化,使曲轴结构强度满足设计要求。通过对曲轴的一系列分析计算,得到了一些相关的数据,这为曲轴结构以及乳化液泵整机结构的改进和进一步的优化升级提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:With the increasing complexity of the working environment of fully mechanized coal mining equipment, the performance of emulsion pump is improved, that is, large flow rate, high pressure and compact structure. As one of the key parts of emulsion pump, crankshaft transforms rotation motion into reciprocating linear motion. In the working process of crankshaft, its working condition is complex, bearing complex torsional stress and bending stress caused by periodic alternating load, so it is easy to cause deformation and working failure of crankshaft to a certain extent. Therefore, the reliability of crankshaft directly affects the stability and safety of emulsion pump. Therefore, how to accurately analyze and calculate the stress and strain at the dangerous section of crankshaft and how to optimize the structure of these dangerous parts has become an important problem in the design of crankshaft structure. The practice shows that the crankshaft of a series of three-crank and four-braced emulsion pump appears to be invalid in operation, so this paper takes the crankshaft as the research object, and analyses the condition that the crankshaft has eccentricity and does not exist eccentricity in assembly. Structural strength under different working conditions and problems of improvement. Firstly, the kinematics and dynamics of the crankshaft system of the emulsion pump are analyzed theoretically, and the equations of motion and the force formula of the plunger, connecting rod and crankshaft are deduced. Secondly, the 3D modeling software Pro/e is used to model and assemble the components of the crankshaft system of emulsion pump. The assembled crankshaft system model is introduced into the multi-body dynamics module of Ansys workbench12 and the kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis of crankshaft is carried out. The displacement and velocity curves of plunger and the interaction forces between each crank and connecting rod are obtained. Thirdly, the static analysis module and the transient dynamic module of the finite element software Ansys workbench12 are used to analyze the whole crankshaft, and the stress and strain of the crankshaft under different working conditions are analyzed and calculated, and the working condition and position of the maximum stress value are obtained. Finally, the modal analysis of the crankshaft is carried out, and the vibration modes of different order are obtained. Finally, the structure size is optimized according to the calculated maximum stress of crankshaft, so that the structural strength of crankshaft meets the design requirements. Through a series of analysis and calculation of the crankshaft, some relevant data are obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the crankshaft structure and the structure improvement and further optimization and upgrading of the whole machine structure of the emulsion pump.
【学位授予单位】：西安工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD40

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