沛北矿区地表沉降InSAR监测研究
发布时间：2018-11-14 16:29
【摘要】：煤炭是我国重要的能源,大量的煤矿开采给社会的发展带来经济效益的同时,也引发了地表塌陷问题。如何实时、有效的监测煤矿开采沉降一直是人们关注的重要课题。本文在国家测绘地理信息行业公益项目及国家自然科学基金项目支持下,结合江苏省老工业基地资源利用与生态修复协同创新中心工作目标,深入开展了沛北矿区地表沉降InSAR监测研究,针对矿区沉降中心区域的沉降量较大,易造成失相干等难题,采用Stacking-InSAR技术监测矿区大梯度形变,利用PS-InSAR技术监测矿区沉降区域边缘信息,将两者融合起来,取得了成功,完整得到了沛北矿区地表沉降监测结果。论文主要工作和成果如下:(1)讨论了InSAR技术的基本原理,分析了In SAR技术测高的模型,从干涉相位组成的角度推导了形变相位、参考面相位、地形相位的计算公式;介绍了D-InSAR监测不同的方法,并以“二轨法”D-InSAR为例,分析了D-InSAR技术的优点及限制。(2)从InSAR可探测最大形变梯度、影像配准、地形相位的去除三个方面分析了InSAR处理的关键技术,采用Envisat ASAR数据与ALOS PALSAR数据对比,推导出了利用L波段的PALSAR数据能够监测到更大的形变梯度,使用夏季和冬季的数据对比,从数据选取的角度来提高相干性;采用偏移量追踪法代替常规的配准方法进行配准,提高了配准精度,用实例表明偏移量追踪法比最大干涉频谱法总体高出了0.1~0.15个像元的精度;分别用SRTM3 DEM和ASTER GDEM进行去地形相位处理工作,采用SRTM3 DEM的数据处理结果更加精确。(3)讨论了PS-InSAR和Stacking-InSAR的原理与工作流程,从主影像的选取、PS点的识别两个方面分析了PS-InSAR的关键技术。采用PS-InSAR和Stacking-InSAR分别对实验数据进行处理,得到了研究区的沉降信息。PS-InSAR获得的平均沉降速率分布在-78~12mm/a之间,Stacking-InSAR获得的平均沉降速率分布在-1.4~0.4m/a之间,使用Stacking-InSAR能够成功的监测到米级的大量级形变值,较好解决了矿区沉降中心大梯度形变监测难题。(4)分析了PS-InSAR与Stacking-InSAR的优缺点,充分考虑矿区地表沉降特点,提出了沛北矿区地表沉降PS-InSAR和Stacking-InSAR融合监测方法,即利用Stacking-InSAR监测矿区沉降中心区域,用PS-InSAR对沉降边缘地区厘米级微小形变进行监测,完整得到了沛北矿区地表沉降监测结果。
[Abstract]:Coal is an important energy source in China. A large amount of coal mining brings economic benefits to the development of society, but also causes the problem of surface subsidence. How to monitor coal mining subsidence in real-time and effectively is always an important subject that people pay attention to. Supported by the national public welfare project of surveying and mapping geographic information industry and the national natural science fund project, this paper combines the work goal of the cooperative innovation center of resource utilization and ecological restoration in the old industrial base of Jiangsu province. In this paper, the InSAR monitoring of surface subsidence in Peibei mining area is carried out in depth. Aiming at the problems of large settlement amount and easy to cause incoherence in the subsidence center of mining area, Stacking-InSAR technique is used to monitor the large gradient deformation in mining area. The PS-InSAR technique is used to monitor the edge information of the subsidence area in the mining area. The two methods are combined and the results of surface subsidence monitoring in Peibei mining area are obtained. The main work and achievements are as follows: (1) the basic principle of InSAR technology is discussed, the model of In SAR height measurement is analyzed, and the calculation formulas of deformation phase, reference plane phase position and topographic phase are derived from the angle of interference phase composition. This paper introduces different methods of D-InSAR monitoring, and takes "two-track method" D-InSAR as an example, analyzes the advantages and limitations of D-InSAR technology. (2) from InSAR, the maximum deformation gradient can be detected, and the image registration. The key techniques of InSAR processing are analyzed in three aspects of terrain phase removal. By comparing Envisat ASAR data with ALOS PALSAR data, the larger deformation gradient can be detected by using L-band PALSAR data, and the data in summer and winter are compared. Improving coherence from the angle of data selection; The migration tracking method is used to replace the conventional registration method to improve the registration accuracy. The example shows that the migration tracking method is better than the maximum interferometric spectrum method in the accuracy of 0.15 pixels. Using SRTM3 DEM and ASTER GDEM to process the terrain phase, the data processing results of SRTM3 DEM are more accurate. (3) the principle and workflow of PS-InSAR and Stacking-InSAR are discussed, and the selection of main image is discussed. The key technologies of PS-InSAR are analyzed in two aspects of PS point recognition. The experimental data are processed by PS-InSAR and Stacking-InSAR respectively, and the settlement information of the study area is obtained. The average settlement rate obtained by PS-InSAR is from-78~12mm/a to-78~12mm/a. The average settlement rate obtained by Stacking-InSAR is in the range of-1.4~0.4m/a. Using Stacking-InSAR, a large number of deformation values of meters can be successfully monitored. The problem of large gradient deformation monitoring in subsidence center of mining area is solved well. (4) the advantages and disadvantages of PS-InSAR and Stacking-InSAR are analyzed, the characteristics of ground subsidence in mining area are fully considered, and the fusion monitoring method of PS-InSAR and Stacking-InSAR in Peibei mining area is put forward. That is to say, Stacking-InSAR is used to monitor the subsidence center of the mining area, and PS-InSAR is used to monitor the micro-deformation of centimeter level in the margin of subsidence, and the monitoring results of surface subsidence in Peibei mining area are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD326
本文编号：2331701
[Abstract]:Coal is an important energy source in China. A large amount of coal mining brings economic benefits to the development of society, but also causes the problem of surface subsidence. How to monitor coal mining subsidence in real-time and effectively is always an important subject that people pay attention to. Supported by the national public welfare project of surveying and mapping geographic information industry and the national natural science fund project, this paper combines the work goal of the cooperative innovation center of resource utilization and ecological restoration in the old industrial base of Jiangsu province. In this paper, the InSAR monitoring of surface subsidence in Peibei mining area is carried out in depth. Aiming at the problems of large settlement amount and easy to cause incoherence in the subsidence center of mining area, Stacking-InSAR technique is used to monitor the large gradient deformation in mining area. The PS-InSAR technique is used to monitor the edge information of the subsidence area in the mining area. The two methods are combined and the results of surface subsidence monitoring in Peibei mining area are obtained. The main work and achievements are as follows: (1) the basic principle of InSAR technology is discussed, the model of In SAR height measurement is analyzed, and the calculation formulas of deformation phase, reference plane phase position and topographic phase are derived from the angle of interference phase composition. This paper introduces different methods of D-InSAR monitoring, and takes "two-track method" D-InSAR as an example, analyzes the advantages and limitations of D-InSAR technology. (2) from InSAR, the maximum deformation gradient can be detected, and the image registration. The key techniques of InSAR processing are analyzed in three aspects of terrain phase removal. By comparing Envisat ASAR data with ALOS PALSAR data, the larger deformation gradient can be detected by using L-band PALSAR data, and the data in summer and winter are compared. Improving coherence from the angle of data selection; The migration tracking method is used to replace the conventional registration method to improve the registration accuracy. The example shows that the migration tracking method is better than the maximum interferometric spectrum method in the accuracy of 0.15 pixels. Using SRTM3 DEM and ASTER GDEM to process the terrain phase, the data processing results of SRTM3 DEM are more accurate. (3) the principle and workflow of PS-InSAR and Stacking-InSAR are discussed, and the selection of main image is discussed. The key technologies of PS-InSAR are analyzed in two aspects of PS point recognition. The experimental data are processed by PS-InSAR and Stacking-InSAR respectively, and the settlement information of the study area is obtained. The average settlement rate obtained by PS-InSAR is from-78~12mm/a to-78~12mm/a. The average settlement rate obtained by Stacking-InSAR is in the range of-1.4~0.4m/a. Using Stacking-InSAR, a large number of deformation values of meters can be successfully monitored. The problem of large gradient deformation monitoring in subsidence center of mining area is solved well. (4) the advantages and disadvantages of PS-InSAR and Stacking-InSAR are analyzed, the characteristics of ground subsidence in mining area are fully considered, and the fusion monitoring method of PS-InSAR and Stacking-InSAR in Peibei mining area is put forward. That is to say, Stacking-InSAR is used to monitor the subsidence center of the mining area, and PS-InSAR is used to monitor the micro-deformation of centimeter level in the margin of subsidence, and the monitoring results of surface subsidence in Peibei mining area are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD326
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相关期刊论文 前3条
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，本文编号：2331701
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