锡林郭勒露天煤矿矿区草原土壤重金属分布特征

发布时间：2018-11-16 20:54

【摘要】：在内蒙古典型草原上,以锡林郭勒胜利煤田西一号和西二号露天矿为研究对象,采用野外样带取样和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了露天煤矿区土壤重金属含量(Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Zn和Pb元素)的空间分布特征,并探讨土壤重金属来源,旨在为典型草原露天矿区土壤重金属防治和草原生态系统可持续发展提供科学理论依据。结果表明:研究区土壤重金属Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Zn和Pb的平均质量分数分别为27.53、16.17、353.49、14.78、44.65和3.44 mg·kg~(-1),低于国家土壤环境质量二级标准,仅Cu含量高于内蒙古背景值;矿区东北方向样带,所有采样点的土壤重金属含量高于内蒙古背景值;露天矿开采对周围土壤重金属空间分布有显著影响,土壤重金属元素含量在矿区中心处最高,并向四周逐渐降低;矿区周围0.5 km范围内土壤重金属含量均超过内蒙古自治区背景值。统计分析(相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析)结果显示,土壤重金属Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni和Zn来源可划归为一类,Pb单独为一类。
[Abstract]:On the typical grassland of Inner Mongolia, using Xilingol Shengli coalfield No. 1 and Xi-2 opencast mines as research objects, the field sampling and laboratory analysis were used to study the soil heavy metal content (Cr,Cu,Mn,) in opencast coal mining area. The spatial distribution characteristics of Ni,Zn and Pb elements and the sources of heavy metals in soil were discussed in order to provide scientific theoretical basis for soil heavy metals control and sustainable development of grassland ecosystem in typical prairie open-pit areas. The results showed that the average mass fraction of heavy metals Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Zn and Pb in the soil of the study area were 27.53C 16.17353.49.14.78U 44.65 and 3.44 mg kg~ (-1), respectively, which were lower than the second grade national standard of soil environmental quality. Only the content of Cu was higher than the background value of Inner Mongolia. The content of heavy metals in all sampling sites is higher than the background value of Inner Mongolia. Open-pit mining has a significant effect on the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the surrounding soil. The content of heavy metal elements in the soil is the highest in the center of the mining area and decreases gradually in the surrounding area. The content of heavy metals in the soil around the mining area was higher than the background value of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region in the range of 0. 5 km. The results of statistical analysis (correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis) showed that the sources of Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni and Zn of soil heavy metals could be classified into one class, and that of Pb was a separate group.
【作者单位】：内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院;内蒙古自治区草原勘察规划院;内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院;中国科学院内蒙古草业研究中心;内蒙古自治区生物技术研究院;
【基金】：内蒙古科技创新引导奖励资金计划“大型露天煤矿生态修复技术集成与示范”(20140701) 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“不同生态类型区域生态评估及风险预测技术研究”(2013年立项) 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2015MS3084)
【分类号】：X53;X752

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