矿用双锚索自动下料机的研制

发布时间：2018-11-18 15:37

【摘要】：随着煤炭技术的不断发展,井下支护技术也得到不断提高,锚杆锚索支护已经成为煤矿巷道支护的主要方式,不同的巷道和工作面往往需要不同长度的锚索,而锚索出厂时都是整捆包装,因此需要根据实际需求的尺寸对锚索进行切割下料,锚索下料采用地面展开下料后弯曲固定运输到井下再展开安装,在锚索切割的过程中,锚索的牵引和切割等环节都由人工实现,自动化程度低,而且危险性高,在锚索的展放过程没有可控设施,失控现象时有发生,整捆锚索易松垮,导致锚索切割长度不准,且时常产生锚索弹出伤人或切割片碎裂崩伤人的事故。本文针对以上问题设计了一种矿用双锚索自动下料机,机械结构主要包括放线盘、牵引系统、切割系统、卸料系统以及与放线盘配套安装的放线盘制动器,该矿用双锚索自动下料机采用气压传动和电气控制系统相结合,锚索的放线、压紧及卸料等采用气压传动,动作迅速可靠,采用PLC作为控制系统的核心控制,实现了机、电、气一体化控制。控制系统按照所设计的控制程序来控制气缸和换向阀等的运动,完成了锚索的放线、牵引、切割及卸料所需的各种动作。本文的机械设计部分完成了对放线盘、牵引系统、切割系统、卸料系统以及与放线盘配套安装的放线盘制动器的设计计算。放线盘通过丝杠的调节,可以实现工作直径的改变,放线盘底下安装有四个万向轮,方便放线盘的移动,在放线盘底盘上设计有锚索锁紧装置,减少了锚索弹伤人的事故；牵引系统采用链传动装置,牵引部分采用辊轮压紧来输送锚索,上下两个辊轮之间的距离是可调的,这样可以输送直径不同的锚索；切割系统采用砂轮切割,整个砂轮结构设计成可移动式,这样可以充分的使用砂轮片,也会减少切割时产生的误差；卸料系统是可拆卸的,通过控制系统的控制可以实现单边卸料和双边卸料；本文利用ANSYS软件对工况下牵引系统中的辊轮、脚轮及主轴等进行静力学分析,结果表明,牵引系统中构件的刚度和强度均满足要求,后面还对牵引系统的箱体进行了优化；利用ADAMS软件对工况下牵引系统的主传动部分进行了运动学仿真,得到压紧轮和锚索之间的运动规律。本文所研制的矿用双锚索自动下料机不仅实现了快速、高效切割锚索的目的,同时大大减少人力和物力的投入,消除了危险因素,作业安全系数高,原来多人协同作业,容易产生配合失误,且外向张力大,容易弹伤人,现在实现全自动作业,安全系数大大提高。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of coal technology, underground support technology has been continuously improved, bolt and cable support has become the main way of coal mine roadway support, different roadways and working face often need different length of anchor cable, When the anchor cable leaves the factory, it is packed in a whole bundle, so it is necessary to cut and cut the anchor cable according to the size of the actual demand. The anchor cable material is carried downhole after bending and fixed after the ground unrolling material is cut, and the cable is cut and installed in the process of cable cutting. The traction and cutting of anchor cable are all realized manually, the degree of automation is low, and the danger is high. There are no controllable facilities in the process of cable deployment and laying, which happens from time to time, and the whole bundle of anchor cable is easy to collapse, resulting in the length of cable cutting is not correct. And often caused by the cable ejection injury or cutting pieces break-down injury accident. In order to solve the above problems, this paper designs a kind of automatic cutting machine with double anchor cables for mine. The mechanical structure mainly includes the laying out disc, the traction system, the cutting system, the discharging system and the setting off disc brake which is matched with the release disc. This mine uses double anchor cable automatic feeder to combine air pressure drive and electric control system, the anchor cable is put out, compacted and unloaded by air pressure transmission, the action is fast and reliable, PLC is used as the core control of the control system, and the machine and electricity are realized. Gas integration control. According to the designed control program, the control system controls the movement of cylinder and directional valve, and completes all kinds of actions required for cable laying, drawing, cutting and unloading. In the part of mechanical design of this paper, the design and calculation of the release disc, the traction system, the cutting system, the unloading system and the release disc brake installed with the release disc are completed. Through the adjustment of the lead screw, the working diameter can be changed. Four universal wheels are installed under the release plate, which is convenient for the movement of the release disc. The cable locking device is designed on the chassis of the release plate, which reduces the injury accident caused by the anchor cable bomb. The traction system adopts chain drive device, and the traction part adopts roller compression to transport anchor cable. The distance between the upper and lower rollers is adjustable, so that the cable with different diameters can be transported. The cutting system adopts the grinding wheel to cut, the whole grinding wheel structure is designed to be movable, which can make full use of the grinding wheel, and will also reduce the error when cutting. The unloading system is detachable and the unilateral and bilateral discharge can be realized by the control of the control system. In this paper, the statics analysis of roller wheel, caster wheel and main shaft in traction system is carried out by using ANSYS software. The results show that the stiffness and strength of the components in the traction system meet the requirements, and the box body of the traction system is optimized at the end of the paper. The kinematics simulation of the main driving part of the traction system under working conditions is carried out by using ADAMS software, and the motion law between the compression wheel and the anchor cable is obtained. The mine double anchor cable automatic cutting machine developed in this paper not only realizes the purpose of cutting the anchor cable quickly and efficiently, but also greatly reduces the input of manpower and material resources, eliminates the dangerous factors, and has a high operating safety factor. Easy to produce coordination errors, and outgoing tension, easy to hurt, now achieve automatic operation, safety factor greatly improved.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD353

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