基于RADARSAT-2干涉数据的矿区地表形变提取研究
发布时间：2018-11-19 12:25
【摘要】：地表沉降已经成为煤炭开采区可持续发展的重要制约因素,地表沉降造成的生态破坏不仅发生在开采区上覆土地,同样会影响周围城镇地表的稳定性,地表沉降严重威胁着人们的生产及生活安全,因此探究适合矿区的一种高效率、高精度、低成本沉降监测方法具有重大意义。相比传统地面沉降监测方法,D-InSAR技术具有全天时、全天候的、大范围、低成本、高精度的地表形变监测能力,理论上,D-InSAR技术监测精度达到毫米级,已经成为监测地表形变的重要技术手段。论文基于新一代雷达卫星干涉数据(Radarsat-2),探讨研究了平朔矿区沉降监测的可行性,并应用时序InSAR(SBAS-InSAR)对平朔矿区周围城镇地表沉降监测做了试验研究,主要工作和成果如下：(1)分析了国内外合成孔径雷达干涉测量研究现状,对当前国内外干涉数据源进行了总结,详细分析了合成孔径雷达干涉测量的基本原理,并对干涉相位组成及D-InSAR监测形变灵敏度进行了研究分析。(2)对D-InSAR数据处理过程中的关键步骤进行了分析,并以平朔矿区为研究区域,应用D-InSAR技术,基于短基线原则选择了5对干涉对,通过干涉处理,最终获取了研究区沉降图,并结合GIS对沉降结果进行了时空演化分析,宏观上,从沉降结果图上可观测到三个大的沉降区域,其中两处分别对应了安太堡露天煤矿和安家岭露天煤矿,与沉降主要分布在开采区的结论一致;在沉降中心附近分别沿水平方向和竖直方向做了剖面曲线图,通过沉降中心附近剖面曲线图定量分析得出,沉降值大小由沉降中心向外逐渐减小,形成以最大沉降值点为中心的沉降漏斗；分析得出另一处大的沉降是由滑坡塌陷造成,并分析了发生滑坡塌陷的可能原因。(3)分析了传统D-InSAR技术局限性,探讨基于少量研究数据的时序InSAR技术(SBAS-InSAR)的可行性。首先分析了永久散射体法(PS-InSAR)和短基线集法(SBAS-InSAR)工作原理方法,并比较了两者优缺点;然后基于SBAS-InSAR技术,以山西省朔州市朔城区为主要研究区,共组合了15对干涉对,结合SARscape软件进行SBAS处理,获得了研究区平均沉降速率图,个别区域沉降速率达到70mm/a,并对4个重点研究区域进行了时序形变分析,验证了SBAS技术在较少数据情况下依然可以进行时序分析。
[Abstract]:Surface subsidence has become an important restricting factor for the sustainable development of coal mining areas. The ecological damage caused by surface subsidence not only occurs in the overlying land in mining areas, but also affects the stability of the surrounding cities and towns. Surface subsidence is a serious threat to the safety of people's production and life, so it is of great significance to explore a high efficiency, high precision and low cost settlement monitoring method suitable for mining area. Compared with the traditional land subsidence monitoring method, D-InSAR technology has the ability of monitoring surface deformation all day, all weather, wide range, low cost and high precision. Theoretically, the monitoring precision of D-InSAR technology reaches millimeter level. It has become an important technical means to monitor surface deformation. Based on the new generation of radar satellite interference data (Radarsat-2), the feasibility of subsidence monitoring in Pingshuo mining area is discussed, and the ground subsidence monitoring of towns around Pingshuo mining area is studied experimentally by using sequential InSAR (SBAS-InSAR). The main work and achievements are as follows: (1) the research status of synthetic Aperture Radar interferometry at home and abroad is analyzed, the domestic and foreign interference data sources are summarized, and the basic principle of synthetic aperture radar interferometry is analyzed in detail. The interference phase composition and the sensitivity of D-InSAR monitoring deformation are analyzed. (2) the key steps in the process of D-InSAR data processing are analyzed, and the D-InSAR technique is applied to Pingshuo mining area. Based on the principle of short baseline, five pairs of interference pairs are selected. Finally, the settlement map of the study area is obtained by interferometry, and the spatio-temporal evolution of settlement results is analyzed with GIS. Three large subsidence regions can be observed from the settlement result map, two of which correspond to Antaibao opencast coal mine and Anjialing opencast coal mine, respectively, which are consistent with the conclusion that the settlement is mainly distributed in the mining area. In the vicinity of the settlement center, the profile curves are made along the horizontal and vertical directions respectively. Through quantitative analysis of the profile curves near the settlement center, it is concluded that the settlement value decreases gradually from the settlement center to the outside. Forming a settlement funnel centered on the maximum settlement value; It is concluded that another large settlement is caused by landslide collapse, and the possible causes of landslide collapse are analyzed. (3) the limitation of traditional D-InSAR technology is analyzed. The feasibility of temporal InSAR technique (SBAS-InSAR) based on a small amount of research data is discussed. Firstly, the principle of permanent scatterer method (PS-InSAR) and short baseline set method (SBAS-InSAR) are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are compared. Then, based on SBAS-InSAR technology, taking Shuocheng District, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province as the main research area, 15 pairs of interference pairs were combined and SBAS was processed with SARscape software. The average subsidence rate map of the study area was obtained. The settlement rate of individual regions reached 70 mm / a. The time series deformation analysis of four key research areas is carried out, which verifies that SBAS technology can still carry out time series analysis in the case of less data.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD325
本文编号：2342298
[Abstract]:Surface subsidence has become an important restricting factor for the sustainable development of coal mining areas. The ecological damage caused by surface subsidence not only occurs in the overlying land in mining areas, but also affects the stability of the surrounding cities and towns. Surface subsidence is a serious threat to the safety of people's production and life, so it is of great significance to explore a high efficiency, high precision and low cost settlement monitoring method suitable for mining area. Compared with the traditional land subsidence monitoring method, D-InSAR technology has the ability of monitoring surface deformation all day, all weather, wide range, low cost and high precision. Theoretically, the monitoring precision of D-InSAR technology reaches millimeter level. It has become an important technical means to monitor surface deformation. Based on the new generation of radar satellite interference data (Radarsat-2), the feasibility of subsidence monitoring in Pingshuo mining area is discussed, and the ground subsidence monitoring of towns around Pingshuo mining area is studied experimentally by using sequential InSAR (SBAS-InSAR). The main work and achievements are as follows: (1) the research status of synthetic Aperture Radar interferometry at home and abroad is analyzed, the domestic and foreign interference data sources are summarized, and the basic principle of synthetic aperture radar interferometry is analyzed in detail. The interference phase composition and the sensitivity of D-InSAR monitoring deformation are analyzed. (2) the key steps in the process of D-InSAR data processing are analyzed, and the D-InSAR technique is applied to Pingshuo mining area. Based on the principle of short baseline, five pairs of interference pairs are selected. Finally, the settlement map of the study area is obtained by interferometry, and the spatio-temporal evolution of settlement results is analyzed with GIS. Three large subsidence regions can be observed from the settlement result map, two of which correspond to Antaibao opencast coal mine and Anjialing opencast coal mine, respectively, which are consistent with the conclusion that the settlement is mainly distributed in the mining area. In the vicinity of the settlement center, the profile curves are made along the horizontal and vertical directions respectively. Through quantitative analysis of the profile curves near the settlement center, it is concluded that the settlement value decreases gradually from the settlement center to the outside. Forming a settlement funnel centered on the maximum settlement value; It is concluded that another large settlement is caused by landslide collapse, and the possible causes of landslide collapse are analyzed. (3) the limitation of traditional D-InSAR technology is analyzed. The feasibility of temporal InSAR technique (SBAS-InSAR) based on a small amount of research data is discussed. Firstly, the principle of permanent scatterer method (PS-InSAR) and short baseline set method (SBAS-InSAR) are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are compared. Then, based on SBAS-InSAR technology, taking Shuocheng District, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province as the main research area, 15 pairs of interference pairs were combined and SBAS was processed with SARscape software. The average subsidence rate map of the study area was obtained. The settlement rate of individual regions reached 70 mm / a. The time series deformation analysis of four key research areas is carried out, which verifies that SBAS technology can still carry out time series analysis in the case of less data.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD325
【相似文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前3条
1 周志全;基于RADARSAT-2干涉数据的矿区地表形变提取研究[D];北京交通大学;2016年
2 景卓鑫;基于神经网络方法与RADARSAT-2雷达遥感数据的水稻参数反演研究[D];华东师范大学;2014年
3 匡薇;Radarsat-2数据处理方法研究及其在地面沉降中的应用[D];中国地质大学（北京）;2014年
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