不同风化年限的淮南矿区煤矸石理化性质变化规律

发布时间：2018-11-21 17:22

【摘要】：堆存于地表的煤矸石在遭受风化以后,其物理和化学性质可在短时间内发生较大变化,这些变化往往具有一定规律。该文选取淮南矿区潘北、潘一及新庄孜煤矿5个不同风化年限的煤矸石采样区进行分层采样。通过对135个样品的相关理化性质测试,对比分析了不同风化程度下煤矸石主要理化性质变化规律。结果表明,煤矸石在电导率、pH值和阳离子交换量等理化性质的变化具有一定规律:随着风化年限的增加,煤矸石电导率与pH值降低,阳离子交换量则不断增高。新鲜煤矸石的3项指标在2a内具有较快的降低速率,其中电导率在2 a内可降低30%,pH值下降接近10%,此后的降低变化速率则较缓慢。阳离子交换量在2 a内可增加17%,在后期的变化中则表现为缓慢上升趋势。在剖面变化特征方面,通过对30和30~60 cm之间的上下两层对比分析发现位于上层的电导率与pH值普遍略高于下层,阳离子交换量则为上层略低于下层。其中p H值的上、下两层的变化差距较小,仅在0.1~0.3之间。煤矸石的电导率、pH值,以及阳离子交换量等3项指标的时空变化均与风化作用的时间或风化程度密切相关。从植物生长条件角度出发,上述理化指标的变化均有利于煤矸石的复垦利用。
[Abstract]:After being weathered, the physical and chemical properties of coal gangue deposited on the earth's surface can be changed greatly in a short period of time, and these changes often have certain regularity. In this paper, five coal gangue sampling areas with different weathering years in Panbei, Panyi and Xinzhuangzi coal mines are selected for stratified sampling. Based on the physical and chemical properties of 135 samples, the main physical and chemical properties of coal gangue under different weathering degrees were compared and analyzed. The results show that the change of physical and chemical properties of coal gangue, such as conductivity, pH value and cation exchange capacity, has certain regularity: with the increase of weathering time, the conductivity and pH value of coal gangue decrease, and the cation exchange capacity increases continuously. The three indexes of fresh coal gangue decreased rapidly within 2 years, and the pH value of fresh coal gangue decreased by 30% in 2 years, but the change rate was slow after that. The cationic exchange capacity increased by 17% in 2 years, and slowly increased in the later period. In terms of profile variation characteristics, it is found that the conductivity and pH values in the upper layer are generally higher than those in the lower layer, and the cation exchange capacity is slightly lower in the upper layer than in the lower layer through the comparative analysis of the upper and lower layers between 30 and 30 ~ 60 cm. The difference between the upper and lower layers of pH is small, which is only between 0.1 and 0.3. The temporal and spatial changes of electrical conductivity, pH value and cation exchange capacity of coal gangue are closely related to weathering time and degree of weathering. From the point of view of plant growth conditions, the changes of the above physicochemical indexes are beneficial to the reclamation and utilization of coal gangue.
【作者单位】：安徽理工大学测绘学院;安徽理工大学地球与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51274013,41372369)
【分类号】：TD849.5

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