综采工作面呼吸性粉尘危害及防尘设施优化

发布时间：2018-11-25 12:35

【摘要】：煤矿尘肺病多年来严重威胁着矿工的身体健康,造成尘肺病的主要元凶是扩散在工作场所的呼吸性粉尘。综合机械化开采的工作面是产生呼吸性粉尘的重点区域之一,也是工人罹患尘肺病的重点区域。通常在工作面正常生产,防尘措施全负荷运转的情况下,呼吸性粉尘浓度依然高于规程的要求。所以监控工作面全工班呼吸性粉尘接触浓度,分析接尘危害水平,研究综采面粉尘运移规律,对于制定综合防尘措施具有极其重大的意义。本文检测了陕西多个地区的煤矿综采工作面粉尘性质、监测了各工种呼吸性粉尘接触浓度,综合分析了工作面呼吸性粉尘危害水平,对比发现发现综采工作面粉尘危害大、工人呼吸性粉尘接触浓度高,尤其是采煤司机、移架工等受粉尘危害严重。以综采工作面为研究对象,通过DesignModeler软件建立几何模型;Meshing软件划分计算网格:以ANSYS软件作为平台,将综采面风速以及呼尘运动分布情况进行了数值模拟。模拟结果与该区域各个工种接尘浓度一致,既验证了实测数据的正确性,也为综合防尘设施的优化提供了思路。通过对模拟结果和检测数据的分析,得出综采工作面防尘应该以优化滚筒产尘措施和净化产尘源头为主。在对比各个综采煤矿现场与接尘危害水平的基础上,提出了综采工作面防尘设施的优化建议。
[Abstract]:Coal mine pneumoconiosis has been a serious threat to the health of miners for many years. The main cause of pneumoconiosis is the spread of respiratory dust in the workplace. The working face of comprehensive mechanized mining is one of the key areas to produce breathing dust, and it is also the key area of pneumoconiosis for workers. Usually in the working face normal production, dust prevention measures under the condition of full load operation, respiratory dust concentration is still higher than the requirements of the regulations. Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor the concentration of respiratory dust contact in working face, to analyze the level of dust exposure and to study the law of dust migration in fully mechanized coal face, which is of great significance for the establishment of comprehensive dust prevention measures. In this paper, the dust properties of fully mechanized coal mining face in many areas of Shaanxi province are tested, the contact concentration of respiratory dust in various types of work is monitored, the hazard level of respiratory dust in working face is analyzed synthetically, and the results show that the dust hazard in fully mechanized coal mining face is great. Workers respiratory dust contact concentration is high, especially coal mining drivers, rack workers and other serious dust hazards. Taking the fully mechanized mining face as the research object, the geometric model is established by DesignModeler software, the Meshing software is used to divide the calculation grid, and the distribution of wind speed and dust movement of fully mechanized coal face is numerically simulated on the platform of ANSYS software. The simulation results are consistent with the concentration of various types of work in this area, which not only verifies the correctness of the measured data, but also provides a train of thought for the optimization of the comprehensive dustproof facilities. Based on the analysis of simulation results and test data, it is concluded that the main measures for dust prevention in fully mechanized coal mining face should be to optimize the measures of producing dust in rollers and to purify the source of dust production. On the basis of comparing the hazard level of the field and dust exposure in each fully mechanized coal mine, the paper puts forward some suggestions for optimizing the dust prevention facilities in the fully mechanized coal face.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD714.4;TD78

【参考文献】