个旧铜锡矿工艺矿物学及铜矿浮选试验研究

发布时间：2018-12-10 07:01

【摘要】：在我国,随着开采力度的逐渐加大,高品位硫化铜矿资源越来越少。加强贫、细、杂铜矿石的选别技术研究,提高其资源的综合利用效率,已经成为今后我国对铜矿资源开发利用的大趋势。本论文主要对个旧难选铜锡多金属硫化矿的原矿进行了详细的工艺矿物学研究,包括多元素分析、物相分析,基于矿石性质,开展具有针对性的铜矿浮选工艺研究。工艺矿物学研究表明矿样中的主要元素为Ca、Fe、Al、Mg、Si、S、K、Cu、Sn等,其中主要有价元素为Sn和Cu,其含量分别为0.38%和0.46%。矿样共由31种矿物组成,其中,金属硫化物主要为磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿、毒砂和黄铜矿,另有少量黄锡矿、闪锌矿、铜蓝和辉铋矿;金属氧化物主要为赤(褐)铁矿,其次为锡石,偶见有少量磁铁矿;脉石矿物以碳酸盐、石英和硅酸盐矿物为主,包括石英、方解石、透辉石、云母、正长石、白云石、铁辉石、硅钙石、钙钠斜长石、钙长石、红帘石、透闪石、铁铝榴石、符山石、电气石、榍石等。含铜矿物有黄铜矿、铜蓝和黄锡矿3种。Cu主要以黄铜矿的形式存在,铜在其中的分配率达到93.49%;而铜在黄锡矿和铜蓝中的分配率分别仅为3.53%和2.98%。根据矿石性质对于硫化物的回收采用浮选方法进行回收,再采用铜硫分离产出铜精矿。将磨矿细度定于-74μm占比达55%,在此条件下进行硫化物浮选作业。确定硅酸钠的最佳用量定在800g/t,捕收剂宜选异戊基黄药和Z-200的组合,试验确定Z-200用量为120g/t,戊基黄药用量为120g/t,获得了铜粗精矿矿品位为2.09%,回收率达87.97的良好指标。对粗精矿进行再磨作业试验采用棒磨机进行铜粗精矿再磨作业,寻找合适的磨矿细度,以使得精选时获得更佳的分离与富集效果,调节石灰用量,确定矿浆pH值为10时,精矿中铜品位和回收率指标较为理想。通过一粗两精两扫中矿顺序返回的闭路试验流程,得到的铜精矿品位为14.02%、回收率为80.91%。通过对原矿进行细致的工艺矿物学研究及相究及相关试验研究对类似资源的选别利用提供了参考和依据,对选厂进行多金属硫化矿的综合利用具有重要的实际意义。
[Abstract]:In China, with the gradual increase of mining, high-grade copper sulfide resources are less and less. It has become a major trend of copper resources development and utilization in China in the future to strengthen the research on the separation technology of poor, fine and miscellaneous copper ores and to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of their resources. In this paper, the ore of Gejiu refractory copper-tin polymetallic sulphide ore was studied in detail, including multielement analysis, phase analysis and flotation process research based on ore properties. The technological mineralogical study shows that the main elements in the ore sample are Ca,Fe,Al,Mg,Si,S,K,Cu,Sn et al, and the main valuable elements are Sn and Cu, the contents of which are 0.38% and 0.46%, respectively. The mineral samples are composed of 31 kinds of minerals, among which the metallic sulfides are mainly pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite, and there are a small amount of yellow tin, sphalerite, copper-blue and bismuth. The main metal oxides are red (brown) iron, followed by cassiterite, and occasionally a small amount of magnetite. The gangue minerals are mainly carbonate, quartz and silicate minerals, including quartz, calcite, diopside, mica, orthoclase, dolomite, ferroxene, silicalite, calcium sodium plagioclase, calcium feldspar, red curtain, tremolite, iron aluminite, etc. Fushan stone, tourmaline, sphene, etc. There are three kinds of copper-bearing minerals: chalcopyrite, copper blue and tin ore. Cu mainly exists in the form of chalcopyrite, in which the distribution rate of copper is 93.49%, while the distribution rate of copper in tin ore and copper blue is only 3.53% and 2.98%, respectively. Flotation method is used to recover sulphide according to ore properties, and copper concentrate is separated by copper and sulfur. The grinding fineness was set at -74 渭 m to occupy Prida 55, and the sulphide flotation was carried out under this condition. The optimum dosage of sodium silicate was determined to be 800g / t, and the combination of isopentyl xanthate and Z-200 was chosen as the collector. The experimental results showed that the dosage of Z-200 was 120g / t, the dosage of pentyl xanthate was 120g / t, and the grade of coarse copper concentrate was 2.09g / t. The recovery rate was 87.97. The experiment of regrinding coarse concentrate using rod mill to find suitable grinding fineness in order to obtain better separation and enrichment effect, adjust lime dosage, and determine the pH value of pulp is 10:00. The copper grade and recovery rate in concentrate are ideal. Through the closed-circuit test flow of one coarse, two fine and two sweeping intermediate ores, the copper concentrate grade is 14.02 and the recovery rate is 80.910.The results show that the copper concentrate grade is 14.02 and the recovery rate is 80.91%. The detailed process mineralogical study and related experimental study of raw ore provide reference and basis for the separation and utilization of similar resources. It is of great practical significance for the comprehensive utilization of polymetallic sulphide ore in the separation plant.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD952;TD923

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