苍峄铁矿地质环境影响评价及治理规划

发布时间：2018-12-19 08:15

【摘要】：苍峄铁矿矿山开采速度快、开采时间长、破坏面积大,导致局部的地貌形态发生明显改变,破坏了苍峄铁矿矿山地质环境,造成严重的社会经济问题,留下地质灾害隐患,损害区域生态环境水平。进行地质环境影响评价可为类似矿区地质环境恢复提供有力的参考依据,为采取何种治理方式指明了方向,进行矿山地质环境影响评价与规划研究具有重要的现实意义。本研究以苍峄铁矿为研究对象。通过搜集资料和野外调查,掌握研究区矿山地质条件、土地利用现状,并进行土地适宜性评价。根据获得的数据进行地质环境影响评价,依据条件采用模糊评价法,分层选取有代表性的评价指标,建立地质环境影响评价指标体系。利用模糊综合评价法原理,建立评价空间、确定评价因子等级标准,进行隶属函数计算,确定评价指标权重,形成模糊评价法模型,通过数学运算进行地质环境影响综合评价。分区根据不同的现状问题进行土地利用规划和整体综合治理规划。本研究得出的主要结论有:(1)查明了苍峄铁矿的空间损害特征进行地质环境现状分析,各因素的综合影响为重度,片区土地遭受压占破坏,植被覆盖率低,滑坡体积、崩塌体积较大,有较为严重的地面塌陷和较为密集的地裂缝,同时还有相对严重的水土流失和土地沙化发育,伴随着景观破碎的现象增加和大气污染物的超标与噪声污染,矿区地质环境影响较为严重。(2)建立了苍峄铁矿地质环境影响评价指标体系根据代表性、综合性、实用性、方便性等原则,从资源损毁强度、地质灾害发育强度、环境污染强度三个方面选取了14个评价指标,采用模糊综合评价法对苍峄铁矿片区的地质环境损害状况进行了定量评价。地质环境影响程度综合评价为Ⅰ片区、Ⅱ片区、Ⅲ片区受各因素的综合影响为重度;Ⅳ片区相对影响为轻度。(3)编制了苍峄铁矿地质环境治理规划规划主要采取以下技术措施:露天采坑回填、排土场清理与田块规划,利用现有17处排土场对20处大型露天采坑进行回填平整。规划设置截排水系统防止水土流失,规划设计排水沟、坑塘,进行排水模数计算和排水沟横、纵断面设计。规划地面塌陷防治、滑坡防治,规划治理废弃物堆放占压土地。规划矿区土地复垦、农田防护和生态保持,建立矿山地质环境动态监测和预警机制。
[Abstract]:The mining speed of Cangyi Iron Mine is fast, the mining time is long and the damage area is large, which results in obvious changes in local geomorphology, destroys the geological environment of Cangyi Iron Mine, causes serious social and economic problems, and leaves hidden dangers of geological disasters. Damage to the level of the regional ecological environment. Geological environmental impact assessment (EIA) can provide a powerful reference for the restoration of geological environment in similar mining areas and point out the direction of how to manage it. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the geological environmental impact assessment and planning of mines. In this study, Cangyi Iron Mine was taken as the research object. Through collecting data and field investigation, we can master the geological conditions of mines, the present situation of land use, and evaluate the suitability of land in the study area. According to the obtained data, the geological environmental impact assessment was carried out. The fuzzy evaluation method was adopted according to the conditions, and the representative evaluation indexes were selected in different layers, and the geological environment impact assessment index system was established. Based on the principle of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the evaluation space is established, the grade standard of evaluation factors is determined, the membership function is calculated, the weight of evaluation index is determined, the fuzzy evaluation method model is formed, and the comprehensive evaluation of geological environment impact is carried out by mathematical operation. Zoning according to different current issues land use planning and integrated management planning. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the spatial damage characteristics of Cangyi Iron Mine are analyzed. The comprehensive influence of various factors is severe, the land is destroyed by pressure, the vegetation coverage is low, the volume of landslide is low. The volume of collapse is larger, there are more serious ground collapses and dense ground cracks, at the same time, there are relatively serious soil erosion and land desertification development, accompanied by the increase of landscape fragmentation and the over-standard and noise pollution of atmospheric pollutants. The geological environment impact of mining area is more serious. (2) the evaluation index system of geological environment impact of Cangyi Iron Mine is established according to the principles of representativeness, comprehensiveness, practicability, convenience and so on. Fourteen evaluation indexes were selected from three aspects of environmental pollution intensity and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to quantitatively evaluate the geological environment damage in Cangyue Iron Mine area. The comprehensive evaluation of the influence degree of geological environment is that the area 鈪，

本文编号：2386657