CST齿轮传动系统振动特性分析及实验研究

发布时间：2018-12-28 20:53

【摘要】：机械设备在启动过程中会受到冲击载荷而产生振动,严重的振动情况会造成大型带载设备发生故障,降低设备使用寿命。随着煤矿开采能力的提高,带式输送机正向着大功率、长距离方向发展,但其在启动过程中会产生瞬时冲击。CST传输装置在大型带式输送机上的作用主要表现为:驱动设备开始以及停止工作过程中将系统的惯性力降到最小,并在超载或冲击载荷作用下进行协调,保证系统的稳定运行,减少故障的发生。可控软启动设备的研发对于减小带式输送机启动和制动过程中产生的冲击载荷,保证装置稳定运行具有重要意义。本文以KP-45型可控软启动(CST)齿轮箱中齿轮传动部分为研究对象,应用静力学、动力学对分析对象开展动力学仿真研究,获得了齿轮传动过程中的振动特性,为低振动、高可靠性可控软启动装置的设计提供方法和依据。本文主要的研究工作有:(1)根据CST齿轮箱实物确立齿轮传动系统结构参数,利用Pro/E软件建立各零部件三维模型,并利用装配功能将零部件进行装配,获得齿轮传动系统的整体三维模型。(2)通过ADAMS软件对三维模型进行处理,建立可控软启动齿轮传动系统虚拟样机模型。分析齿轮传动系统在稳定载荷以及冲击载荷作用下,转速、啮合力的变化情况,获得其频谱曲线,并对振动特性进行分析。通过对刚性体与柔性体进行研究,对系统的动态响应有了更深一步的了解,并将两种模型结果对比。(3)振动的产生会受到零部件固有频率的影响,介绍了模态分析原理,并采用有限元分析软件对关键零件进行模态分析,得到零部件固有频率,与轴的旋转频率及齿轮啮合频率对比,检验是否会发生共振。(4)对齿轮箱体进行检测实验,利用电涡流传感器,分别测试了空载、额定负载、过载情况下齿轮箱的振动,得到在不同情况下箱体的振动位移并比较各点的振动位移大小。将仿真结果与理论结果在时域及频域进行对比,获得齿轮传动系统的振动特点。
[Abstract]:Mechanical equipment will be subjected to shock load and vibration during start-up. Serious vibration will lead to the failure of large equipment with load and reduce the service life of the equipment. With the improvement of coal mining capacity, belt conveyors are developing in the direction of high power and long distance. But it will produce instantaneous impact during startup. The function of CST transmission device on large belt conveyor is that the inertial force of the system is reduced to the minimum during the start and stop of the drive device. Under the action of overload or impact load, the system is coordinated to ensure the stable operation of the system and reduce the occurrence of faults. The research and development of controllable soft start equipment is of great significance to reduce the impact load of belt conveyor during start-up and braking and to ensure the stable operation of the device. In this paper, the gear transmission part of KP-45 controllable soft start (CST) gearbox is taken as the research object. The dynamic simulation of the analyzed object is carried out by using statics and dynamics. The vibration characteristics in the process of gear transmission are obtained, which is low vibration. The design method and basis of high reliability controllable soft start device are provided. The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) the structural parameters of gear transmission system are established according to the CST gearbox, the 3D model of each component is built by Pro/E software, and the assembly function is used to assemble the parts. The whole 3D model of gear transmission system is obtained. (2) the virtual prototype model of controllable soft start gear transmission system is established by processing the 3D model with ADAMS software. The change of speed and meshing force of gear transmission system under steady load and impact load is analyzed. The spectrum curve of gear transmission system is obtained and the vibration characteristics are analyzed. Through the study of rigid body and flexible body, the dynamic response of the system is further understood, and the results of the two models are compared. (3) the vibration will be affected by the natural frequency of the parts, and the principle of modal analysis is introduced. The modal analysis of the key parts is carried out by using finite element analysis software, and the natural frequency of the parts is obtained, which is compared with the rotation frequency of the shaft and the gear meshing frequency to check whether resonance will occur. (4) the testing experiment of the gear box body is carried out. The vibration of the gearbox under the condition of no-load, rated load and overload was measured by eddy current sensor. The vibration displacement of the box was obtained under different conditions and the vibration displacement of each point was compared. The vibration characteristics of the gear transmission system are obtained by comparing the simulation results with the theoretical results in the time domain and frequency domain.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD528.1

【相似文献】