基于价值链的中型煤炭企业商业模式创新研究
发布时间：2018-12-31 16:50
【摘要】：随着经济体制改革的进一步深化,煤炭行业的市场化改革也不断向前推进。2009年12月,国家发展和改革委员会发布《国家发展改革委关于完善煤炭产运需衔接工作的指导意见》,取消了建国以来一直沿用的带有计划经济色彩的年度煤炭订货会,煤炭行业完全进入市场化。2012年,为解决东南沿海城市电厂煤炭供应短缺,鼓励国外煤炭进口以弥补供应不足,全面取消了煤炭进口关税。由于国内煤炭企业还处于计划经济模式的惯性运行之中,面对强大的竞争对手毫无警觉,致使国外煤炭迅速以价格优势挤占了国内煤炭市场,煤炭价格出现断崖式下跌,企业盈利状况严重恶化。截至2015年,全国70%的煤矿被迫停产,80%以上的煤炭企业出现亏损,煤炭行业整体深陷经营困境,接近全面崩盘。在煤炭企业已经采取各种措施仍无法摆脱生存危机的情况下,政府主管部门采取了一系列限制国内产能与国外煤炭进口的政策措施,帮助煤炭企业走出困境。2016年5月,解困政策开始见效,煤炭市场由原来的供过于求转为供不应求,煤炭销售价格和销售量开始回升。但是这种现象只是政策效应结果,既不是市场的真正复苏,也不是竞争格局发生了改变,作为煤炭行业构成主体的中型煤炭企业,如何能够真正走出困境进入良性运营状态,仍是政府、学者和企业亟待破解的难题。在此环境背景下,论文以鄂尔多斯中型煤炭企业作为研究对象,深入研究了中型煤炭企业陷入经营困境的根本原因,从基于价值链的商业模式创新角度为鄂尔多斯中型煤炭企业提供了一些走出困境的可行思路与方法。首先是采用文献研究法对国内外相关理论进行了研究归纳和总结,对部分理论概念进行了修订,形成了对基于价值链的商业模式创新内涵的明确定义。即:“基于价值链优化的商业模式创新是对企业资源结构和价值链流程关系的变更或重组”。其次是使用实证研究法及定性和定量相结合的方法,对鄂尔多斯中型煤炭企业进行了深度剖析,找出其困境根源在于鄂尔多斯中型煤炭企业数十年来一直沿用的传统工业经营模式已难以继续维持煤炭企业的生存。最后的研究结论认为,只有通过商业模式的创新才能够使中型煤炭企业脱离困境,只有通过价值链的重组才能够全面提升企业的价值创造能力与经营活力,实现企业的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of the reform of the economic system, the market-oriented reform of the coal industry is also moving forward. In December 2009, The State Development and Reform Commission issued the National Development and Reform Commission's guiding opinion on how to improve the convergence of coal production and transportation needs, cancelling the annual coal ordering meeting with the color of planned economy that has been in use since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The coal industry is fully market-oriented. In 2012, in order to solve the shortage of coal supply in power plants in southeastern coastal cities, foreign coal imports were encouraged to make up for the shortage of supply, and import duties on coal imports were completely abolished. As domestic coal enterprises are still in the inertia of the planned economy mode, and faced with strong competitors without vigilance, foreign coal quickly overruns the domestic coal market with a price advantage, and the coal price drops precipitously. The profit situation of enterprises has deteriorated seriously. By 2015, 70 percent of the country's coal mines had been shut down, more than 80 percent of coal companies had lost money, and the industry as a whole was in deep trouble and close to a full-blown collapse. At a time when coal companies have taken various measures to survive the crisis, government authorities have adopted a series of policy measures to limit domestic production capacity and foreign coal imports to help coal enterprises out of their predicament. The relief policy began to bear fruit, the coal market from the original supply oversupply to demand more than supply, coal sales prices and sales began to rebound. However, this phenomenon is only the result of policy effect, neither the real recovery of the market nor the change of the competition pattern. As the main body of the coal industry, how can the medium-sized coal enterprises, as the main body of the coal industry, really get out of the predicament and enter the benign operation state? It is still a difficult problem for the government, scholars and enterprises to solve. Under this environment background, the paper takes Ordos medium-sized coal enterprise as the research object, deeply studies the fundamental reason why the medium-sized coal enterprise is in the trouble of management. From the perspective of business model innovation based on value chain, this paper provides some feasible ideas and methods for Ordos medium-sized coal enterprises to get out of difficulties. First of all, literature research method is used to study and summarize the relevant theories at home and abroad, and some theoretical concepts are revised to form a clear definition of the connotation of business model innovation based on the value chain. That is: "Business model innovation based on value chain optimization is the change or reorganization of the relationship between enterprise resource structure and value chain process." Secondly, using the method of empirical research and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the paper makes a deep analysis of the medium-sized coal enterprises in Ordos. To find out the root of its predicament lies in the fact that the traditional industrial management mode which has been used for decades by the medium coal enterprises in Ordos is no longer able to maintain the survival of the coal enterprises. Finally, the conclusion is that only through the innovation of business model can the medium-sized coal enterprises get out of the predicament, and only through the reorganization of the value chain can the value creation ability and management vitality of the enterprises be comprehensively enhanced. To realize the sustainable development of enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.21
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of the reform of the economic system, the market-oriented reform of the coal industry is also moving forward. In December 2009, The State Development and Reform Commission issued the National Development and Reform Commission's guiding opinion on how to improve the convergence of coal production and transportation needs, cancelling the annual coal ordering meeting with the color of planned economy that has been in use since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The coal industry is fully market-oriented. In 2012, in order to solve the shortage of coal supply in power plants in southeastern coastal cities, foreign coal imports were encouraged to make up for the shortage of supply, and import duties on coal imports were completely abolished. As domestic coal enterprises are still in the inertia of the planned economy mode, and faced with strong competitors without vigilance, foreign coal quickly overruns the domestic coal market with a price advantage, and the coal price drops precipitously. The profit situation of enterprises has deteriorated seriously. By 2015, 70 percent of the country's coal mines had been shut down, more than 80 percent of coal companies had lost money, and the industry as a whole was in deep trouble and close to a full-blown collapse. At a time when coal companies have taken various measures to survive the crisis, government authorities have adopted a series of policy measures to limit domestic production capacity and foreign coal imports to help coal enterprises out of their predicament. The relief policy began to bear fruit, the coal market from the original supply oversupply to demand more than supply, coal sales prices and sales began to rebound. However, this phenomenon is only the result of policy effect, neither the real recovery of the market nor the change of the competition pattern. As the main body of the coal industry, how can the medium-sized coal enterprises, as the main body of the coal industry, really get out of the predicament and enter the benign operation state? It is still a difficult problem for the government, scholars and enterprises to solve. Under this environment background, the paper takes Ordos medium-sized coal enterprise as the research object, deeply studies the fundamental reason why the medium-sized coal enterprise is in the trouble of management. From the perspective of business model innovation based on value chain, this paper provides some feasible ideas and methods for Ordos medium-sized coal enterprises to get out of difficulties. First of all, literature research method is used to study and summarize the relevant theories at home and abroad, and some theoretical concepts are revised to form a clear definition of the connotation of business model innovation based on the value chain. That is: "Business model innovation based on value chain optimization is the change or reorganization of the relationship between enterprise resource structure and value chain process." Secondly, using the method of empirical research and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the paper makes a deep analysis of the medium-sized coal enterprises in Ordos. To find out the root of its predicament lies in the fact that the traditional industrial management mode which has been used for decades by the medium coal enterprises in Ordos is no longer able to maintain the survival of the coal enterprises. Finally, the conclusion is that only through the innovation of business model can the medium-sized coal enterprises get out of the predicament, and only through the reorganization of the value chain can the value creation ability and management vitality of the enterprises be comprehensively enhanced. To realize the sustainable development of enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.21
【参考文献】
中国期刊全文数据库 前10条
1 段天辉;何春燕;;煤炭行业的现状、挑战与机遇分析[J];中国市场;2016年33期
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3 韩l毲，
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