钾长石综合利用技术研究
发布时间：2019-01-08 10:16
【摘要】：本文主要开展两个方面工作：(1)在实验室小试的基础上对钾长石-磷矿-硫酸体系机械力化学法提钾技术进行中间试验,对自行设计制作的设备性能进行评估；(2)采用热分解法对氟化学酸解钾长石工业化产物钾明矾制备氧化铝和硫酸钾进行研究,探究其最佳工艺流程；并通过TG-DSC热分析曲线研究钾明矾分解行为和分解过程动力学。中间试验一个周期连续运转3.25h可得150kg产物,产品中有效氮、磷、钾总量占10%左右,钾长石和磷矿的分解率分别达到39.84%和58.10%,并且产品中未完全分解的钾长石与磷矿在土壤环境中也会继续缓慢释放钾、磷元素,形成长期有效地缓释效果。适当的碳酸氢铵不仅可以控制pH使产物中铝离子完全沉淀,而且所得产物为干燥粉末状。中间试验达到了预期目标,产品效果良好,验证了工艺流程的可靠性和稳定性,为进一步扩大生产提供了一些参考设计数据。以钾长石制备的钾明矾为原材料,通过热分解法由钾明矾制备氧化铝和硫酸钾,提纯后,采用焙烧-水浸工艺对钾明矾进行分解,制取硫酸钾和氧化铝,实验表明其最佳工艺条件为：焙烧温度为850℃、时间为20min,焙烧产物水浸分离钾、铝,水浸温度100℃、固液比1/5 g/mL、时间20min。滤饼干燥得氧化铝,滤液蒸发结晶得硫酸钾。氧化铝总收率86.52%,硫酸钾总收率85.02%,氧化铝纯度98.52%符合GB/T 24487-2009氧化铝标准,硫酸钾中K2O含量47.85%符合GB 20406-2006农用硫酸钾标准。通过TG-DSC同步热分析探讨钾明矾的分解过程,并用XRD检测生成物,可得出钾明矾热分解动力学反应级数为一级反应,热失重过程可分为两步脱去结晶水反应以及复盐中硫酸铝热分解反应三个阶段,生成氧化铝以α-氧化铝形式存在。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly carried out two aspects of the work: (1) on the basis of the laboratory test, the potassium feldspar phosphate rock-sulfuric acid system mechanochemical process potassium extraction technology was carried out in the intermediate test, and the performance of the equipment designed and made by ourselves was evaluated; (2) the preparation of alumina and potassium sulfate from potassium alum, a commercial product of potassium feldspar, was studied by means of thermal decomposition, and the optimum technological process was explored. The decomposition behavior and kinetics of potassium alum were studied by TG-DSC thermal analysis curve. The 150kg products can be obtained by continuous operation of 3.25h in a period of 3.25h. The total amount of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the product is about 10%. The decomposition rates of potassium feldspar and phosphate rock are 39.84% and 58.10%, respectively. And the potassium feldspar and phosphate rock which are not completely decomposed in the product will release potassium and phosphorus slowly in soil environment and form a long-term effective slow-release effect. The proper ammonium bicarbonate can not only control pH to precipitate aluminum ions completely, but also produce dry powder. The intermediate test achieved the expected goal and the product effect was good. The reliability and stability of the process were verified and some reference design data were provided for the further expansion of production. Potassium alum prepared from potassium feldspar was used as raw material to prepare alumina and potassium sulfate from potassium alum by thermal decomposition. After purification, potassium alum was decomposed by roasting-water leaching process to produce potassium sulfate and alumina. The results show that the optimum technological conditions are as follows: calcination temperature 850 鈩，
本文编号：2404469
[Abstract]:This paper mainly carried out two aspects of the work: (1) on the basis of the laboratory test, the potassium feldspar phosphate rock-sulfuric acid system mechanochemical process potassium extraction technology was carried out in the intermediate test, and the performance of the equipment designed and made by ourselves was evaluated; (2) the preparation of alumina and potassium sulfate from potassium alum, a commercial product of potassium feldspar, was studied by means of thermal decomposition, and the optimum technological process was explored. The decomposition behavior and kinetics of potassium alum were studied by TG-DSC thermal analysis curve. The 150kg products can be obtained by continuous operation of 3.25h in a period of 3.25h. The total amount of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the product is about 10%. The decomposition rates of potassium feldspar and phosphate rock are 39.84% and 58.10%, respectively. And the potassium feldspar and phosphate rock which are not completely decomposed in the product will release potassium and phosphorus slowly in soil environment and form a long-term effective slow-release effect. The proper ammonium bicarbonate can not only control pH to precipitate aluminum ions completely, but also produce dry powder. The intermediate test achieved the expected goal and the product effect was good. The reliability and stability of the process were verified and some reference design data were provided for the further expansion of production. Potassium alum prepared from potassium feldspar was used as raw material to prepare alumina and potassium sulfate from potassium alum by thermal decomposition. After purification, potassium alum was decomposed by roasting-water leaching process to produce potassium sulfate and alumina. The results show that the optimum technological conditions are as follows: calcination temperature 850 鈩，
本文编号：2404469
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