深井提升钢丝绳疲劳及安全性分析

发布时间：2019-01-09 10:24

【摘要】：深井提升钢丝绳的疲劳和安全性问题直接关系着提升系统的可靠性,现在许多矿井的开采深度已经达到千米级别,但是钢丝绳的实际使用时间在许多矿井反馈显示都远小于《规程》要求的时间,经常出现提前破坏不得不更换钢丝绳的情形,这也给矿井生产带来困扰,所以研究深井提升钢丝绳的疲劳和安全性问题,可以为解决深井提升钢丝绳的使用时间短的问题提供建议和指导。本文以多绳摩擦提升系统为研究对象,首先计算了立井提升系统中提升钢丝绳的几个关键点的应力计算方法,然后分别对两个提升高度具有典型意义的矿井的应力作了数值计算。同时为了得到较为准确的钢丝绳的交变应力结果,对矿井的不同工况条件下的交变应力作了分析计算,得到在匀速工况下的到的交变应力的幅值范围是大于实际工况的应力幅值范围,所以它的结果可以代替实际工况来作应力分析。在应力分析的基础上,对提升钢丝绳作应力疲劳分析,疲劳分析的过程分为危险点的确定和交变应力的幅值对疲劳寿命的影响。分析的结果显示,在深井提升系统中,钢丝绳的疲劳寿命较短,基本在半年到一年左右,而浅井的钢丝绳能满足设计要求的使用寿命;同时交变应力的幅值大小也会影响钢丝绳的疲劳寿命,当应力幅值越大,钢丝绳疲劳寿命降低的越快;为让深井提升钢丝绳的使用时间更长,采取降低提升容器载重的办法,实现了对深井提升钢丝绳的使用时间的延长。提升钢丝绳的安全性问题一直是钢丝绳的设计选型的关注问题,我国传统的钢丝绳的选型上的安全系数的计算方法被普遍认为偏大,因此对国内和欧盟的钢丝绳的选型设计的方法作了分析,得出《规程》中的安全系数存在很大的余量区间,国外在钢丝绳的选型上主要是考虑钢丝绳的性能和使用的工况来选择,而不是采用传统的安全系数方法来选型。所以借鉴国外的经验提出新安全系数取值计算方法。
[Abstract]:The fatigue and safety problems of deep shaft hoisting rope are directly related to the reliability of the hoisting system. Now the mining depth of many mines has reached the kilometer level. However, the actual service time of the wire rope in many mines is much less than the time required by the regulations, and it often occurs that the wire rope has to be replaced in advance of the damage, which also brings trouble to the mine production. Therefore, the research on the fatigue and safety of deep shaft hoisting rope can provide advice and guidance for solving the problem of short service time of deep shaft hoisting wire rope. In this paper, the multi-rope friction hoisting system is taken as the research object. Firstly, the stress calculation method of several key points of hoisting wire rope in shaft hoisting system is calculated. Then the stresses of two typical hoisting heights are numerically calculated. At the same time, in order to get more accurate results of alternating stress of wire rope, the alternating stress of mine under different working conditions is analyzed and calculated. It is obtained that the amplitude range of the alternating stress under uniform working condition is larger than that of the actual condition, so its result can replace the actual working condition for the stress analysis. On the basis of stress analysis, the stress fatigue analysis of hoisting wire rope is carried out. The process of fatigue analysis is divided into the determination of dangerous point and the influence of the amplitude of alternating stress on fatigue life. The analysis results show that the fatigue life of wire rope is short, which is about half a year or so in deep shaft hoisting system, while the service life of shallow well wire rope can meet the design requirement. At the same time, the amplitude of alternating stress will also affect the fatigue life of wire rope. The larger the stress amplitude is, the faster the fatigue life of wire rope will be reduced. In order to prolong the service time of deep shaft hoisting wire rope, the method of reducing the load of lifting vessel is adopted to prolong the use time of deep well hoisting wire rope. The safety problem of lifting wire rope has always been the concern of the design and selection of wire rope. The traditional calculation method of safety factor on the selection of wire rope in our country is generally considered to be too large. Therefore, the selection and design method of steel wire rope in China and the European Union is analyzed, and it is concluded that there is a very large margin in the safety factor in the Code. In foreign countries, the selection of wire rope is mainly based on the performance of wire rope and the operating conditions, rather than the traditional method of safety factor. Therefore, a new calculation method of safety factor is put forward based on the experience of foreign countries.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD532

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