新疆东天山雅满苏铁矿矽卡岩研究及矿床成因探讨
发布时间：2019-01-16 06:59
【摘要】：新疆东天山地区是中亚成矿域的重要组成部分,也是我国最重要的铁矿、有色金属和贵金属矿集区之一。其中阿齐山-雅满苏-沙泉子矿带为该区主要的铁矿成矿带,雅满苏铁矿位于该成矿带中部,是该成矿带内的大型露天铁矿床。本文在充分收集前人资料和系统野外地质调查的基础上,着重对雅满苏铁矿床地质特征、矽卡岩矿物组合、流体包裹体、稳定同位素、矿物成分研究、成矿机制方面进行了研究,取得了一下几点认识:1)雅满苏铁矿赋存于下石炭统雅满苏组上亚组第三岩性段,直接赋矿围岩是安山质玻屑凝灰岩,矿体与围岩接触处矽卡岩发育,矿体呈层状、似层状、透镜状产于矽卡岩中。矿石主要呈块状构造、浸染状构造、条带状构造。矿石矿物相对简单,主要为磁铁矿,伴有少量赤铁矿,黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿等。脉石矿物主要为石榴石、透辉石、阳起石、绿帘石、绿泥石,其次为长石、石英、方解石等。2)根据矿石组构、矿物共生和产出特征,可以将成矿作用划分为2个成矿期,即成矿早期和成矿晚期,进一步划分为3个成矿阶段:磁铁矿-石榴石-绿帘石阶段、磁铁矿-钾长石-绿帘石阶段、碳酸盐-硫化物阶段。3)石榴石端员组分以钙铁榴石-钙铝榴石系列为主,这表明雅满苏铁矿矽卡岩为交代矽卡岩中的钙矽卡岩。大部分的磁铁矿具交代成因特征,说明雅满苏铁矿的形成与岩浆热液交代作用有关;其余磁铁矿分布在中基性岩浆趋势区,说明岩浆作用对成矿有一定的影响。4)雅满苏铁矿流体以NaCl H2O型为主,大气降水与早期流体混合导致了流体的降温稀释过程。雅满苏铁矿矽卡岩矿物中包裹体温度相比世界矽卡岩型矿床较低,但是从早期矽卡岩阶段→退化蚀变阶段→碳酸盐-硫化物阶段温度和盐度在逐渐降低,其成矿流体性质与世界矽卡岩型矿床成矿流体性质相似。5)雅满苏矽卡岩及磁铁矿稀土元素特征表明磁铁矿石与矽卡岩及赋矿地层中的火山岩具有一定的成因联系,硫同位素分析表明成矿物质中硫来源于岩浆硫,综合两点认为成矿物质及成矿流体主要来源于火山岩及岩浆热液。6)碳、氧同位素成分特征显示成矿流体中碳不是来自围岩中的灰岩,而是来源于深部岩浆或地幔。7)雅满苏铁矿为产于海相火山岩中的交代矽卡岩型矿床,与岩浆活动有关的含矿热液沿断裂构造上升,在火山岩与灰岩的接触带附近发生交代作用,形成矽卡岩及磁铁矿体。
[Abstract]:The East Tianshan area of Xinjiang is an important part of the metallogenic region of Central Asia and one of the most important ore concentration areas of iron ore, nonferrous metals and precious metals in China. The AQishan-Yamansu-Shaquanzi ore belt is the main iron ore metallogenic belt in this area, and the Yamensu iron ore deposit is located in the middle of the metallogenic belt and is a large open-pit iron deposit in the metallogenic belt. Based on the collection of previous data and systematic field geological survey, this paper focuses on the study of geological characteristics, skarn mineral assemblage, fluid inclusions, stable isotopes and mineral composition of the Yamen cycad deposit. The ore-forming mechanism has been studied and the following understandings have been obtained: 1) the Yamensu iron ore deposit occurred in the third lithologic member of the Shangya formation of the Lower Carboniferous Yamensu formation, and the direct host rock of the ore bearing rock is Anshan glassy tuff. Skarn is developed in contact with surrounding rock, and the orebody is layered and laminar, and lenticular occurs in skarn. The ore is mainly massive, disseminated and striped. Ore minerals are relatively simple, mainly magnetite, with a small amount of hematite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite. The gangue minerals are mainly garnet, diopside, actinolite, verdite, chlorite, followed by feldspar, quartz, calcite, etc. 2) according to ore fabric, mineral symbiosis and production characteristics, mineralization can be divided into two metallogenic periods. In other words, the early and late metallogenic stages are further divided into three metallogenic stages: magnetite, garnet and verdanite, magnetite, potassium feldspar and verdant. Carbonate-sulphide stage. 3) the garnet end member is mainly composed of calcium iron garnet and calcium aluminite series, which indicates that the skarn of Yamansu iron ore is the calcareous rock in the metasomatic skarn. Most magnetite have metasomatic genetic characteristics, indicating that the formation of Yamansu iron deposit is related to magmatic hydrothermal metasomatism. The other magnetite deposits are distributed in the trend zone of medium basic magma, which indicates that magmatism has certain influence on the mineralization. 4) the fluid of Yamensu iron ore is dominated by NaCl H 2O type, and the mixing of atmospheric precipitation and early fluid results in the process of cooling down and diluting the fluid. The inclusion temperature of skarn minerals in Yamansu Iron Mine is lower than that of skarn type deposits in the world, but the temperature and salinity of skarn ore deposits decrease gradually from the early skarn stage to the degenerative alteration stage, carbonate to sulphide stage. The ore-forming fluid properties are similar to those of skarn deposits in the world. 5) the REE characteristics of Yamensu skarn and magnetite indicate that magnetite has a certain genetic relationship with skarn and volcanic rocks in ore-bearing strata. Sulfur isotopic analysis shows that sulfur in the ore-forming material originates from magmatic sulfur, and it is considered that the ore-forming material and ore-forming fluid are mainly derived from volcanic rocks and magmatic hydrothermal fluids. The characteristics of oxygen isotopic composition indicate that the carbon in the ore-forming fluid comes not from the limestone in the surrounding rock, but from the deep magma or mantle. 7) Yamensu iron deposit is an metasomatic skarn deposit occurring in marine volcanic rocks. The ore-bearing hydrothermal fluid associated with magmatic activity rises along the fault structure and occurs metasomatism near the contact zone between volcanic rocks and limestone forming skarn and magnetite bodies.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.31
本文编号：2409570
[Abstract]:The East Tianshan area of Xinjiang is an important part of the metallogenic region of Central Asia and one of the most important ore concentration areas of iron ore, nonferrous metals and precious metals in China. The AQishan-Yamansu-Shaquanzi ore belt is the main iron ore metallogenic belt in this area, and the Yamensu iron ore deposit is located in the middle of the metallogenic belt and is a large open-pit iron deposit in the metallogenic belt. Based on the collection of previous data and systematic field geological survey, this paper focuses on the study of geological characteristics, skarn mineral assemblage, fluid inclusions, stable isotopes and mineral composition of the Yamen cycad deposit. The ore-forming mechanism has been studied and the following understandings have been obtained: 1) the Yamensu iron ore deposit occurred in the third lithologic member of the Shangya formation of the Lower Carboniferous Yamensu formation, and the direct host rock of the ore bearing rock is Anshan glassy tuff. Skarn is developed in contact with surrounding rock, and the orebody is layered and laminar, and lenticular occurs in skarn. The ore is mainly massive, disseminated and striped. Ore minerals are relatively simple, mainly magnetite, with a small amount of hematite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite. The gangue minerals are mainly garnet, diopside, actinolite, verdite, chlorite, followed by feldspar, quartz, calcite, etc. 2) according to ore fabric, mineral symbiosis and production characteristics, mineralization can be divided into two metallogenic periods. In other words, the early and late metallogenic stages are further divided into three metallogenic stages: magnetite, garnet and verdanite, magnetite, potassium feldspar and verdant. Carbonate-sulphide stage. 3) the garnet end member is mainly composed of calcium iron garnet and calcium aluminite series, which indicates that the skarn of Yamansu iron ore is the calcareous rock in the metasomatic skarn. Most magnetite have metasomatic genetic characteristics, indicating that the formation of Yamansu iron deposit is related to magmatic hydrothermal metasomatism. The other magnetite deposits are distributed in the trend zone of medium basic magma, which indicates that magmatism has certain influence on the mineralization. 4) the fluid of Yamensu iron ore is dominated by NaCl H 2O type, and the mixing of atmospheric precipitation and early fluid results in the process of cooling down and diluting the fluid. The inclusion temperature of skarn minerals in Yamansu Iron Mine is lower than that of skarn type deposits in the world, but the temperature and salinity of skarn ore deposits decrease gradually from the early skarn stage to the degenerative alteration stage, carbonate to sulphide stage. The ore-forming fluid properties are similar to those of skarn deposits in the world. 5) the REE characteristics of Yamensu skarn and magnetite indicate that magnetite has a certain genetic relationship with skarn and volcanic rocks in ore-bearing strata. Sulfur isotopic analysis shows that sulfur in the ore-forming material originates from magmatic sulfur, and it is considered that the ore-forming material and ore-forming fluid are mainly derived from volcanic rocks and magmatic hydrothermal fluids. The characteristics of oxygen isotopic composition indicate that the carbon in the ore-forming fluid comes not from the limestone in the surrounding rock, but from the deep magma or mantle. 7) Yamensu iron deposit is an metasomatic skarn deposit occurring in marine volcanic rocks. The ore-bearing hydrothermal fluid associated with magmatic activity rises along the fault structure and occurs metasomatism near the contact zone between volcanic rocks and limestone forming skarn and magnetite bodies.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.31
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