横采模式下深海采矿系统500米海试动力学行为研究

发布时间：2019-02-28 09:44

【摘要】：经过多年实践和论证,我国进行深海采矿的现行技术方案是采用水力式集矿方法,该深海采矿系统主要由水面平台、水下扬矿系统和履带式集矿机三部分组成。而扬矿管道联系着水面平台与集矿机,三者共同构成一个联动系统,扬矿管道的空间形态对系统的安全性、稳定性和集矿机的自主行走及其轨迹的有效控制,有至关重要的影响。根据中国大洋协会国际海域资源调查与开发“十二五”课题的要求,本文在三维多刚体离散元的理论基础上,考虑了深海采矿系统处于波流联合作用且运动方向和波流方向相同的环境,根据光电复合缆和浮力桶的具体参数,结合马鞍形线缆的布置要求,建立了用于海试的深海采矿系统虚拟样机模型。分别讨论了顺流下单拱和双拱马鞍形形态的线缆在不同横向开采宽度、集矿机不同开采速度、集矿机与采矿船的不同相对距离等因素对深海采矿系统的动力学行为的影响。研究结果表明:集矿机逐渐离开水面平台纵向轴线竖直平面进行横向集矿时,集矿机、线缆和水面平台的受力均会逐渐增大,单拱和双拱马鞍形态的线缆构形通过拱构形的伸长对系统的受力起缓冲作用;横向开采宽度越大,系统受力越大,其动力学行为特性也越不稳定;开采速度越小,系统的动力学行为特性越稳定,但速度过小影响作业效率;集矿机与采矿船相对距离越小,系统的受力相对越小,动力学行为特性越稳定,但距离过小不利于马鞍形形态的保持,甚至可能出现线缆与海底接触、缠绕和局部构形不稳定等现象。
[Abstract]:After many years of practice and demonstration, the current technical scheme of deep-sea mining in China is to adopt hydraulic collecting method. The deep-sea mining system is mainly composed of three parts: surface platform, underwater lifting system and caterpillar collector. The lifting pipeline is connected with the water platform and the collecting machine, and the three together constitute a linkage system. The spatial shape of the lifting pipeline affects the safety and stability of the system, and the independent walking of the collector and the effective control of its trajectory. Has a vital impact. According to the requirements of Comra's international marine resources investigation and development during the 12th five-year Plan, this paper is based on the theory of three-dimensional multi-rigid discrete element. Considering the environment in which the deep-sea mining system is in wave-current joint action and the direction of motion and wave-current are the same, according to the specific parameters of photoelectric composite cable and buoyancy bucket, combined with the arrangement requirement of saddle-shaped cable, A virtual prototype model of deep-sea mining system for sea test is established. The influence of different horizontal mining width, different mining speed and different relative distance between collector and mining vessel on the dynamic behavior of deep-sea mining system is discussed under the conditions of single-arch and double-arch saddle-shaped cable. The results show that when the collector gradually moves away from the vertical axis of the water platform to carry out the horizontal gathering, the force of the collector, cable and water platform will gradually increase. The cable configuration in saddle form of single arch and double arch acts as a buffer to the system through the elongation of arch configuration. The larger the width of lateral mining is, the greater the force of the system is, the more unstable the dynamic behavior of the system is, the smaller the mining speed is, the more stable the dynamic behavior of the system is, but the smaller the speed is, the more unstable the operating efficiency is. The smaller the relative distance between the collector and the mining vessel, the smaller the force on the system and the more stable the dynamic behavior, but the smaller the distance is not conducive to the maintenance of saddle shape, and even the contact between cable and sea floor may occur. Winding and local configuration instability, etc.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD857

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