深孔爆破在煤矿砂岩顶板中的应用研究

发布时间：2019-03-08 13:35

【摘要】：随着国民经济建设的不断发展,岩石爆破技术在水利水电、矿山、交通等各个领域获得了广泛应用,并且产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益；与此同时,随着爆破理论研究的不断深入,我们对于岩石爆破机理的研究虽然取得了可喜的进展,但是我们知道岩石爆破机理是一个极其复杂的问题,目前理论研究还不是很成熟,特别是随着煤层开采条件越来越复杂,煤层厚岩顶板随之增多,严重威胁煤矿开采安全,通过对深孔爆破在煤层砂岩顶板中的应用研究,对工程实践有一定的指导意义。本文以淮南矿区煤层砂岩顶板为工程背景,以理论分析为手段,本文以顶板砂岩作为研究对象,根据现有的岩石爆破理论,分析岩石爆破破碎的三种原理假说以及深孔内部爆破作用机理,以柱状装药下的爆炸荷载为基础,对柱状爆破岩石压碎圈与裂隙圈半径进行计算,并且指出在深孔爆破时要考虑地应力的影响。对当前比较常用的计算炮孔不耦合装药孔壁压力公式进行列举；在损伤力学研究的方法的基础上,对当前存在的爆破损伤判据进行总结和分析；在理论的基础上,将深孔爆破技术应用在煤矿砂岩顶板中进行现场应用研究,深孔爆破技术主要是工作面超前深孔爆破强制放顶技术,通过两个淮南矿区现场工程实例应用,验证深孔爆破技术的可行性和合理性。结果表明：深孔爆破技术在淮南矿区取得较好的效果。本文利用的深孔爆破技术,可以在爆破参数设计时起到参考作用,同时该技术方法可以为类似工程提供借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of national economic construction, rock blasting technology has been widely used in water conservancy, hydropower, mining, transportation and other fields, and has produced huge economic and social benefits. At the same time, with the further study of blasting theory, although we have made gratifying progress in the study of rock blasting mechanism, we know that rock blasting mechanism is an extremely complex problem. At present, the theoretical research is not very mature, especially with the increasing complexity of coal seam mining conditions, the increase of coal seam thick rock roof, which seriously threatens the safety of coal mine mining, through the application research of deep hole blasting in coal seam sandstone roof, It has certain guiding significance to engineering practice. In this paper, the roof of coal seam sandstone in Huainan mining area is taken as the engineering background, the theoretical analysis is used as the means, the roof sandstone is taken as the research object, and according to the existing rock blasting theory, The three hypotheses of rock blasting fragmentation and the mechanism of deep hole blasting are analyzed. Based on the explosion load under column charge, the radius of rock crushing circle and fracture circle in cylindrical blasting is calculated. It is pointed out that the effect of in-situ stress should be taken into account in deep-hole blasting. On the basis of the methods of damage mechanics, the existing blasting damage criteria are summarized and analyzed, and the formulas for calculating the wall pressure of uncoupled charge holes are enumerated, and the existing blasting damage criteria are summarized and analyzed based on the research methods of damage mechanics. On the basis of theory, the application of deep-hole blasting technology in sandstone roof of coal mine is studied on the spot. The technology of deep-hole blasting is mainly the forced caving technology of deep-hole blasting in working face, through the application of two field engineering examples of Huainan mining area, the technology of deep-hole blasting is applied in the field of mine sandstone roof. The feasibility and rationality of deep hole blasting technology are verified. The results show that the deep-hole blasting technique has achieved good results in Huainan mining area. The deep-hole blasting technology used in this paper can play a referential role in the design of blasting parameters, and the technical method can be used for reference and reference for similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD235

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