不同颗粒大小组成的（类）岩石材料声发射特性试验研究

发布时间：2019-03-10 19:10

【摘要】：为了探究不同颗粒大小组成形式的声发射特性,更好的了解矿物颗粒大小组成与声发射平静期间的内在关系;通过花岗岩的颗粒大小与声发射特性试验的初步研究,然后采用不同颗粒大小的石英砂模拟材料进行单轴声发射试验,了解不同颗粒组成形式的模拟材料力学性能、声发射特性及探讨了组成形式的不同对发射特性的影响;本次研究主要以室内模拟试验为手段,结合理论分析,对灰砂比1:4,浓度70%,养护期为28天的(0.1-0.2mm、0.63-1mm)及0.5:1(0.1-0.2mm:0.63-1mm)、1:1、1:0.5的高纯石英砂模拟材料和浅灰色粗中粒黑云母花岗岩岩石材料,进行了单轴声发射试验,主要对以下几个方面进行了研究和探讨:(1)对不同颗粒大小组成的石英砂模拟材料和花岗岩岩石材料进行单轴压缩试验。(2)研究了颗粒组成形式不同对声发射特性的影响。(3)从颗粒的角度用类岩石模拟材料试件来探索岩石材料中出现声发射“相对平静现象”的原因。得到以下结论:(1)不同颗粒大小及不同配比类岩石材料试件的变形特征与岩石材料的变形破坏特征比较类似,都可以大致的划分为:初始压密、弹性变形、塑性变形、裂纹加速扩展至试件破坏4个阶段;颗粒的大小组成形式不同,试件的延展性有差别,粗颗粒的延性较细颗粒的明显。(2)颗粒组成会影响试件的单轴抗压强度;细颗粒的抗压强度大于粗颗粒的,从0.5:1到1:1再到1:0.5随(0.1-0.2mm)粒径颗粒的比例增大,模拟材料试件单轴抗压强度呈递增趋势。(3)用模拟材料验证了岩石材料在组成成分及粒径相同的情况下,岩石材料和类岩石材料都有存在有的有声发射“相对平静的现象”,有的就没有声发射“相对平静现象”;即声发射平静期的出现与颗粒之间组成的形式的关系规律不明显。(4)不同颗粒大小组成形式的模拟材料试件的峰值频率分布范围主要分布在[10-120]KHz,颗粒不同每个阶段的峰值频率分布不同,在中后期含0.63-1mm粒径的试件存在较多低频,频带逐渐变宽。(5)颗粒大小的组成形式不同影响声发射的特性。在0.1-0.2mm、0.63-1mm及0.5:1(0.1-0.2mm:0.63-1mm)、1:1、1:0.5的石英砂声发射试验中,只有(1:0.5)石英砂试件中才存在相对明显的声发射“相对平静的现象”。(6)从(50)N/(50)E值曲线可以看出不同颗粒组成形式的试件内部裂纹演化情况不同,声发射信号也有所不同,含粗颗粒试件的(50)N/(50)E值曲线大多是“阶梯状”;粗颗粒的内部破坏在后期会产生大量低能试件。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the acoustic emission characteristics of different particle size components, we can better understand the relationship between mineral particle size composition and the quiet period of AE. Through the preliminary study on the particle size and acoustic emission characteristics of granite, the uniaxial acoustic emission tests of quartz sand with different particle sizes were carried out to understand the mechanical properties of the simulated materials with different particle composition. The acoustic emission characteristics and the influence of different composition forms on the emission characteristics are discussed. In this study, by means of indoor simulation test and theoretical analysis, the ratio of ash to sand was 1 ~ 4, the concentration was 70%, and the maintenance period was 28 days (0.1 ~ 0.2 mm, P < 0.01). 0.63-1mm) and 0.5 (0.1-0.2mm:0.63-1mm), 1 (1), 1 (0.5) high-purity quartz sand simulation materials and grayish coarse medium-sized biotite granite rock materials were tested by uniaxial acoustic emission (AE). The following aspects were studied and discussed: (1) uniaxial compression tests of quartz sand simulation materials and granite rock materials with different particle size composition were carried out. (2) different particle composition pairs were studied. The influence of acoustic emission characteristics. (3) from the point of view of particles, the causes of the "relatively calm" phenomenon of acoustic emission in rock materials are studied by means of rock-like simulation materials. The results are as follows: (1) the deformation characteristics of rock specimens with different particle sizes and different ratios are similar to those of rock materials, and they can be roughly divided into: initial compaction, elastic deformation and plastic deformation, and the deformation characteristics of rock specimens are similar to those of rock materials, such as initial compaction, elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and so on. The crack propagation is accelerated to four stages of specimen failure; The ductility of the specimens is different when the size of the particles is different, and the ductility of the coarse particles is obvious. (2) the composition of the particles will affect the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens. When the compressive strength of fine particles is greater than that of coarse particles, the compressive strength of fine particles increases from 0.5 to 1:1 and then from 1 to 1 / 0. 5 with the increase of (0.1-0.2mm) particle size. The uniaxial compressive strength of the simulated material specimen increases gradually. (3) the simulation material is used to verify that the rock material has the same composition and particle size under the condition of the same composition and particle size. There are some acoustic emission "relatively calm" phenomena in rock-like and rock-like materials, and some have no "relative calm" phenomenon in acoustic emission. That is to say, the relationship between the appearance of the quiet period of AE and the form of particle composition is not obvious. (4) the peak frequency distribution range of simulated material specimens with different particle size is mainly distributed in [10 脳 120] KHz,. The peak frequency distribution of particles in different stages is different. There are more low frequencies in the samples with 0.63-1mm particle size in the middle and late stages, and the frequency band becomes wider gradually. (5) the characteristics of acoustic emission are influenced by the composition of the particles. In the test of acoustic emission of quartz sand with 0.1 ~ 0.2mm, 0.63 ~ 1mm and 0.5 ~ (1) (0.1-0.2mm:0.63-1mm), 1 ~ (1), 1 ~ (0.5), 1 ~ (- 1), 1 ~ (0.5) mm, Only (1) 0.5) quartz sand samples have relatively obvious acoustic emission "relatively calm phenomenon". (6) from the curve of (50) N / (50) E value, it can be seen that the internal cracks of the specimens with different particle composition forms can be seen. The evolution of the grain is different, The acoustic emission signals are also different. Most of the (50) N / (50) E curves with coarse particles are "stepped". The internal failure of coarse particles will produce a large number of low-energy specimens at the later stage.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD315

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