超高水材料铁路下充填开采岩层和地表移动规律研究

发布时间：2019-03-11 10:32

【摘要】：煤炭资源是我国主要能源之一,“三下”(建筑物下、铁路下、水体下)压煤问题日益突出,严重制约了矿井的稳定生产和可持续发展。如何有效解放铁路下压煤是我国东部矿区“三下”采煤面临的主要问题之一,有效提高回采率的同时保证列车安全运行是铁路下采煤研究的核心。本课题以邯矿集团陶一煤矿12706工作面邯长铁路下采用超高水材料充填开采为背景,针对采空区全部垮落和超高水材料充填,对不同处理方案引起的覆岩和地表移动变形规律进行比较分析;采用FLAC3D软件对充填开采后上覆岩层和地表移动规律进行数值模拟,通过与现场监测数据的比较研究超高水材料充填开采岩层和地表移动变形特征。通过以上研究,为铁路的起道、拨道等维护措施提供依据,从而保证回采过程中铁路的安全运营,为本矿井采用超高水材料长壁袋式充填方案的选取提供技术依据,并为其它矿井“三下”充填采煤提供参考。超高水材料长壁袋式充填开采作为解决铁路下压煤问题的一种新型采煤方法,充填体对顶板和地表的控制能力强,具有原料丰富、生产工艺简单、早强快硬、两主料单浆(A或B浆液)流动性好、初凝时间可调、生成的固结体应变小等优点,可有效减缓岩层和地表沉降,能够给矿井带来显著的经济效益和社会效益。本文综合概率积分、数值模拟与现场监测结果分析,得出以下结论:①地表移动监测结果分析表明,超高水材料充填开采可有效减缓地表下沉;超高水材料充填率达到80%时,地表未出现突然性沉陷,下沉、水平移动和破坏程度在可控范围之内,开采过程中铁路线路不需要停运整修,仅需对铁路进行小规模常规维修,列车在减速情况下可以安全通行。②全部垮落开采后上覆岩层通常形成有规律的“三带”分布,而超高水材料充填开采中垮落带一般不存在,裂隙带和弯曲带高度明显减小,沉降参数和全部垮落法有显著差别,下沉系数大于全部垮落法。③充填率一定时,不同工作面开采尺寸对覆岩和地表的影响结果不同,应根据不同的工作面采取合适的充填率,保证充填开采过程中上覆岩层的稳定性、防止地表的突然下沉,确保铁路的安全运营。
[Abstract]:Coal resource is one of the main energy sources in our country. The problem of coal compression under buildings, railways and water bodies is becoming more and more prominent, which seriously restricts the stable production and sustainable development of mines. How to effectively liberate the coal under the railway is one of the main problems faced by "three lower" coal mining in the eastern mining area of our country. It is the core of the research on the coal mining under the railway to improve the recovery rate effectively and ensure the safe operation of the train at the same time. Based on the background of the super-high water material filling mining under 12706 working face Han-Chang Railway of Tao-I Coal Mine of Handan Coal Mine Group, this paper aims at all goaf collapse and super-high water material filling. The law of overlying rock and surface movement and deformation caused by different treatment schemes are compared and analyzed. FLAC3D software is used to simulate the law of overlying strata and surface movement after filling mining, and the characteristics of strata and surface movement deformation in super-high water material filling mining are studied by comparing with field monitoring data. Through the above research, it can provide the basis for the maintenance measures of railway starting and dialing, so as to ensure the safe operation of the railway in the process of mining, and provide the technical basis for the selection of the long-wall bag filling scheme with super-high water material in this mine. And for other mines "three" filling coal to provide a reference. The long wall bag filling mining of super high water material is a new coal mining method to solve the problem of coal pressing under railway. The filling body has strong control ability on roof and surface, abundant raw materials, simple production technology, early strength and quick hardening. The advantages of single slurry (A or B) with two main materials (A or B) are good fluidity, adjustable initial setting time and small strain of solidified body, which can effectively slow down the subsidence of strata and surface, and bring remarkable economic and social benefits to the mine. Based on the analysis of probability integral, numerical simulation and on-site monitoring results, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the analysis of monitoring results of surface movement shows that the filling mining of ultra-high water materials can effectively slow down the subsidence of the surface; When the filling rate of ultra-high water materials reaches 80%, there is no sudden subsidence and subsidence of the surface, the horizontal movement and damage are within the controllable range, the railway line does not need to be shut down and renovated during the mining process, but only small-scale routine maintenance of the railway is required. The train can pass safely under the condition of deceleration. (2) the overlying strata usually form a regular "three-zone" distribution after all the caving mining, but the collapse zone generally does not exist in the super-high water material filling mining, and the height of the fracture zone and the bending zone is obviously reduced, and the height of the fracture zone and the bending zone are obviously reduced. There is a significant difference between the settlement parameters and the total caving method, and the subsidence coefficient is greater than that of the whole caving method. 3 when the filling rate is fixed, the effect of different mining sizes on the overburden rock and the surface is different, and the suitable filling rate should be adopted according to the different working faces. Ensure the stability of the overlying strata during filling mining, prevent the sudden subsidence of the surface, and ensure the safe operation of the railway.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD325

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