基于有限元的复摆式颚式破碎机的结构设计

发布时间：2019-03-19 07:04

【摘要】：物料的粉碎是冶金、矿山、建材、化工、煤炭等工业部门应用广泛的一种工艺过程,每年有大量的原料和再利用的废料都需要进行粉碎处理。复摆式颚式破碎机由于其结构简单、工作可靠、制造维修容易、适应性强、成本低等优点,一直是粉碎工程范畴内应用最为广泛的一种破碎设备。因此设计和生产出高性能,低能耗的破碎机不但提高了产品质量,还缩小了与国外技术水平的差距。本课题以PE150?250复摆颚式破碎机为研究对象,建立虚拟样机模型,进行了优化设计研究。主要研究内容有:首先建立破碎机零件三维模型和装配结构的三维模型,然后对装配结构模型进行结构干涉性分析,在干涉性分析的结果上修改相关的零件三维模型,直到三维模型中没有出现干涉为止。通过对干涉分析和修正,降低了整机装配模型的误差,保证了较高的建模精度。使用ADAMS2010软件,将复摆颚式破碎机三维模型导入ADAMS/View中,建立虚拟样机分析模型,完成运动仿真分析。通过研究破碎机动颚板入料口和出料口处位移移动轨迹的特点,得到偏心距、肘板长度变化对动颚的轨迹的影响规律。在数据分析的基础上确定偏心距和肘板长度的最优值,使破碎机达到节能的效果。通过有限元分析,进行了复摆颚式破碎机的结构设计及改进。建立机架、动颚体、偏心轴、齿板等零件结构分析模型,研究零件内部应力分布规律和特点。对动颚体零件进行了结构等强度改进设计,使动颚体应力分布更为均匀,且结构强度和抗疲劳能力有所增强;对偏心轴零件的轴肩圆角过渡部分进行了对比研究,确定了应力最小的圆角半径值;对比了三角形、圆形、梯形三种齿形的应力分布特点,改进了齿形,提高了梯形齿形的结构强度,减小了应力集中,延长了齿板的使用寿命,提高了破碎效率。
[Abstract]:Material comminution is a process widely used in metallurgical, mining, building materials, chemical, coal and other industrial departments. Every year, a large number of raw materials and recycled waste need to be crushed. Because of its simple structure, reliable work, easy manufacturing and maintenance, strong adaptability and low cost, the compound pendulum jaw crusher has always been the most widely used crushing equipment in the field of grinding engineering. Therefore, the design and production of high performance, low energy consumption crusher not only improve the quality of products, but also narrow the gap with foreign technology level. In this paper, the PE150?250 compound swing jaw crusher is taken as the research object, the virtual prototype model is established, and the optimization design is carried out. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, three-dimensional model of crusher parts and three-dimensional model of assembly structure are established, and then the interference analysis of assembly structure model is carried out, and the related three-dimensional model of parts is modified on the result of interference analysis. Until there is no interference in the 3D model. Through interference analysis and correction, the error of assembly model of the whole machine is reduced and the precision of modeling is guaranteed. The three-dimensional model of the compound pendulum jaw crusher is imported into ADAMS/View by using ADAMS2010 software. The virtual prototype analysis model is established and the motion simulation analysis is completed. The effects of eccentricity and length of elbow plate on the trajectory of moving jaw are obtained by studying the characteristics of the moving trajectory at the inlet and outlet of the jaw plate. On the basis of data analysis, the optimal values of eccentricity and elbow length are determined, and the energy saving effect of the crusher is achieved. Through the finite element analysis, the structure design and improvement of the compound pendulum jaw crusher are carried out. The structure analysis models of frame, moving jaw body, eccentric shaft, tooth plate and so on are established, and the internal stress distribution law and characteristics of the parts are studied. To improve the structure strength of the moving jaw part, the stress distribution of the moving jaw body is more uniform, and the structural strength and anti-fatigue ability are enhanced. A comparative study on the fillet transition part of the eccentric shaft part is carried out, and the radius value of the fillet with minimum stress is determined. The stress distribution characteristics of triangle, circle and trapezoidal tooth profile are compared, the tooth shape is improved, the structural strength of trapezoidal tooth profile is improved, the stress concentration is reduced, the service life of tooth plate is prolonged, and the crushing efficiency is improved.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD451

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