崩落体形态模型建立与数值模拟

发布时间：2019-03-28 09:32

【摘要】：无底柱分段崩落采矿法因开采强度大,生产安全等众多优点,目前在国内外金属铁矿山广泛应用,然而该采矿方法是在覆岩下落矿与出矿的,损失贫化大的问题一直未得到很好地解决。崩落体是被爆矿体爆破后在松散覆盖岩层中形成的矿石堆体,是放矿的对象,其形态对矿石的损失贫化有很大影响,但崩落体赋存于覆盖岩层中,形态难以观测,也没有确定其形态的方法。确定崩落体形态对优化采场结构参数、降低矿石损失贫化、提高矿山经济效益有着重要的理论意义和实际价值。本文以放矿理论、松散介质理论、最小耗能原理和耗散结构理论为基础对崩落体的形成机理进行分析,建立崩落体的数学模型,确定了崩落体形态;编写崩落体形态求解过程的MATLAB程序,计算不同结构参数下崩落体的形态;利用PFC2D软件模拟不同采场结构参数下的崩落体形态;应用自动化单体放矿系统装置在实验室进行崩落体形态对矿石损失贫化的影响实验。取得如下成果:1.应用放矿理论、松散介质理论、最小耗能原理以及耗散结构理论得出崩落体是与松动体相似的椭球缺。2.建立崩落体的数学模型,确定崩落体形态的求解方法和步骤,在此基础上编写MATLAB程序,计算不同结构参数下的崩落体形态,其计算结果符合矿山实际。3.利用PFC2D软件模拟不同采场结构参数下的崩落体形态,模拟结果与模型计算结果相吻合,验证了崩落体形态模型的可行性。4.借助自动化单体放矿系统装置,利用模型计算所得的不同结构参数下崩落体形态,进行实验室放矿实验,实验表明:当采用分段高度18m,进路间距20m,崩矿步距3m的结构参数时,矿石损失贫化最低,崩落体形态最佳。该研究对采用无底柱分段崩落法的矿山优化结构参数,降低矿石损失生产具有指导意义。
[Abstract]:The method of sublevel caving without pillar is widely used in metal iron mines at home and abroad because of its advantages such as high mining intensity and production safety. However, this mining method is used in overlying rock mining and ore drawing, and the mining method has been widely used in metal iron mines both at home and abroad. The problem of loss and dilution has not been solved very well. Caving body is an ore pile formed in loose overlying rock after blasting by explosive ore body, and it is the object of ore drawing. Its shape has a great influence on ore loss and dilution, but it is difficult to observe the shape of caving body which occurs in overlying strata. There is also no way to determine its shape. Determining the shape of caving body has important theoretical and practical value for optimizing stope structural parameters, reducing ore loss and dilution, and improving mine economic benefit. On the basis of ore drawing theory, loose medium theory, minimum energy dissipation principle and dissipative structure theory, this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of avalanche body, establishes the mathematical model of caving body, and determines the shape of caving body. The MATLAB program is compiled to calculate the shape of caving body with different structure parameters, and the shape of caving body under different stope structure parameters is simulated by PFC2D software, and the shape of caving body under different stope structure parameters is simulated by PFC2D software. The effect of the shape of caving body on ore loss and dilution was tested in laboratory with an automatic single ore drawing system. The following results have been achieved: 1. Based on ore drawing theory, loose medium theory, minimum energy dissipation principle and dissipative structure theory, it is concluded that the caving body is an ellipsoid deficiency similar to that of loose body. The mathematical model of the caving body is established, and the solution method and steps of the shape of the caving body are determined. On this basis, the MATLAB program is compiled to calculate the shape of the caving body under different structural parameters. The calculated results accord with the actual situation of the mine. 3. PFC2D software is used to simulate the shape of caving body under different stope structure parameters. The simulation results are in good agreement with the calculated results of the model, and the feasibility of the caving body shape model is verified. 4. With the aid of the automatic single ore drawing system, the laboratory ore drawing experiment is carried out by using the different structure parameters of the model, and the experimental results show that when the section height is 18m, the distance between the approaches is 20m, When the ore step distance is 3m, the ore loss and dilution is the lowest, and the shape of the caving body is the best. This study is of guiding significance for optimizing structural parameters and reducing ore loss in mines with sublevel caving without bottom column.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD853.362

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