江西某黑白钨混合矿选矿新工艺试验研究

发布时间：2019-04-22 19:23

【摘要】：近年来国内对钨的需求量越来越高,钨矿的开采量不断增加,富矿资源已经日趋减少,急需加大对低品位、组份复杂钨矿的开发研究力度。课题以江西某黑白钨混合矿为研究对象,原矿WO3品位低,嵌布粒度细,该选厂采用全浮工艺,生产中钨回收率在50%左右,大量的资源难以得到有效的利用。本试验在原有工艺的基础上,研究新的工艺流程,以获得更好的经济技术指标。对试样的性质进行研究,原矿WO3品位0.21%,以白钨矿为主,黑钨矿占有率18.69%,矿物组份分析表明,试验中其中含有大量的黑云母和白云母会恶化钨矿物的浮选,黑钨矿容易在浮选中损失。试验对原工艺即全浮流程开展了深入研究,捕收剂采用实验室合成的脂肪酸类捕收剂PZ-2,进行浮选闭路试验,得到WO3品位58.35%,回收率72.31%的钨精矿,粗选尾矿和精选尾矿WO3品位分别为0.039%和0.62%。全浮流程的弊端一方面是黑钨矿富集效果不佳,另一方面是破碎磨矿及精选加温成本高,运行该工艺难以创造可观的经济效益,需要改进工艺流程。重选流程具低成本的优势,新工艺采用螺旋选矿机重选抛尾,重选给矿粒度在0.85mm以下,螺旋选矿机作业所得尾矿采用0.074mm格筛筛分,筛下作为细泥中矿,筛上为抛弃尾砂,试验可得尾砂产率37.28%,回收率6.12%,抛尾效果十分理想。为提高流程中黑钨矿回收率,重选抛尾后物料采用高梯度磁选富集部分黑钨矿,磁选精矿进入摇床精选直接获得高品位钨精矿,所得摇床精矿WO3品位37.18%,回收率为8.72%。对经过重选抛尾—强磁选后的矿物采用浮选回收剩余钨矿物。确定的新工艺为重选抛尾—强磁选黑钨—浮选的联合流程,新工艺总精矿品位57.08%,回收率77.11%。相比全浮流程回收率提高4.80%。重磁浮联合流程通过预选抛尾,进入浮选矿物产率仅为原矿的62%,能够减少磨矿能耗及浮选药剂单耗,降低选矿成本,工业可行性高。白钨矿和萤石表面的Zeta电位的测试表明,水玻璃能够在矿物表面吸附使Zeta电位显著降低。矿物表面吸附量的测定中,水玻璃对萤石吸附捕收剂有明显抑制作用,白钨矿在水玻璃浓度高于80mg/L的条件下才受到明显的抑制。红外光谱分析证明捕收剂PZ-2能够与白钨矿表面发生稳定的化学吸附。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the demand for tungsten in our country is getting higher and higher, the mining quantity of tungsten ore is increasing, and the rich resources have been decreasing day by day. It is urgent to strengthen the development and research of low grade and complex tungsten ore. The subject takes a wolframite mixed ore in Jiangxi province as the research object. The WO3 grade of the original ore is low and the size of the embedded grain is fine. The flotation process is adopted in this concentrator, the tungsten recovery rate in the production is about 50%, and a large number of resources are difficult to be effectively utilized. In this experiment, based on the original process, the new technological process is studied in order to obtain better economic and technical indexes. The properties of the samples were studied. The WO3 grade of the original ore was 0.21%, mainly scheelite, and wolframite occupied 18.69%. The analysis of mineral composition showed that there were a large amount of biotite and dolomite in the test, which would worsen the flotation of tungsten minerals. Wolframite is easy to lose in flotation. The flotation closed circuit test was carried out with PZ-2, a fatty acid collector synthesized in the laboratory, and a tungsten concentrate with WO3 grade of 58.35% and recovery of 72.31% was obtained, and the recovery of the concentrate was 72.31% with the WO3 grade of 58.35% and the recovery rate of 72.31%. The WO3 grade of coarse and concentrated tailings is 0.039% and 0.62%, respectively. The disadvantage of all floating process is that the enrichment effect of wolframite is not good on the one hand, on the other hand, crushing grinding and cleaning heating cost is high, so it is difficult to create considerable economic benefit by the operation of this process, so the technological process needs to be improved. The heavy separation process has the advantage of low cost, the new process adopts the screw concentrator for heavy separation and throwing tail, and the grain size of the re-concentration ore is less than 0.85mm. The tailings obtained from the operation of the screw concentrator is screened with 0.074mm mesh, and the tailings is sieved as a fine slime ore under the new process. The tailing yield and recovery rate were 37.28% and 6.12%, respectively, and the tail throwing effect was very satisfactory. In order to improve the recovery rate of wolframite in the process, high gradient magnetic separation was used to concentrate part of wolframite after heavy separation and throwing, and the magnetic separation concentrate entered the rocker bed to get the high grade tungsten concentrate directly. The WO3 grade of the shake bed concentrate was 37.18%. The recovery was 8.72%. The residual tungsten minerals were recovered by flotation for the minerals after heavy separation and high intensity magnetic separation. The new process is a combined process of gravity separation and tail-throwing, strong magnetic separation of wolframite and flotation. The total concentrate grade of the new process is 57.08%, and the recovery rate is 77.11%. Compared with the recovery rate of all floatation process, the recovery rate is increased by 4.8%. The combined gravity-magnetic flotation process enters the flotation mineral yield of 62% of the original ore through pre-separation and throwing tail, which can reduce the energy consumption of grinding and the unit consumption of flotation reagent, reduce the cost of mineral processing, and the industrial feasibility is high. The measurement of Zeta potential on the surface of scheelite and fluorite shows that the water glass can adsorb on the mineral surface and decrease the Zeta potential significantly. In the determination of adsorption capacity of mineral surface, water glass has obvious inhibitory effect on fluorite adsorption collector, and scheelite is obviously inhibited when the concentration of water glass is higher than that of 80mg/L. The IR spectra show that the collector PZ-2 has stable chemisorption on the surface of scheelite.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD954

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