膏体充填开采覆岩导水裂缝带发育规律研究与应用

发布时间：2019-04-25 21:48

【摘要】：膏体充填开采是“三下”开采的重要采煤方法之一,是实现安全解放水体下在压煤炭资源的重要措施。目前,对水体下膏体充填开采导水裂缝带发育规律的研究还存在诸多问题,值得进一步深入研究。本文采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场实测等方法对膏体充填开采覆岩运动与破坏规律进行研究,着重分析导水裂缝带的发育规律,得出导水裂缝带的计算方法。论文得出如下成果。(1)对比垮落法开采,研究分析膏体充填开采覆岩运动规律,得出:膏体充填开采充填体对覆岩产生支撑作用,对覆岩的下沉和破坏起到限制作用,改变了覆岩原有的移动破坏形式。覆岩破坏一般只产生小范围的裂缝带,不产生垮落带。顶板已无直接顶和基本顶的概念。(2)在研究膏体充填开采覆岩运动破坏规律的基础上,基于等效采高模型,采用两段弧原理简化覆岩下沉盆地的边缘线,建立几何模型,通过模型中的几何关系推导出膏体充填开采导水裂缝带的发育高度计算公式。(3)基于等效采高,通过数值模拟对膏体充填开采塑性区的分布规律加以研究,分析覆岩运动破坏规律,得出不同等效采高,所引起的带水裂缝带发育高度。拟合各组数据,得出等效采高与导水裂缝带的关系公式。(4)介绍工作面的充填概况,以此为工程背景,通过几何模型与数值模拟公式预测导水裂缝带的发育高度,分别为4.37m、4.51m。(5)采用井下仰孔分段注水对工作面导水裂缝带进行观测,对各个钻孔进行漏失量分析,得出膏体充填开采,采高2.2m,导水裂缝带最大发育高度为4.16m。(6)对比分析几何模型、数值模拟拟合式预测结果及实测结果,得出:几何模型预测结果与数值模拟拟合公式预测结果均比实测结果略微偏大,但误差较小,三者较为接近。证明几何模型预测结果准确可靠。
[Abstract]:Paste filling mining is one of the important coal mining methods of "three lower" mining, and it is also an important measure to realize the safe liberation of coal resources under pressure under the water body. At present, there are still many problems in the study of the development law of the water diversion fracture zone in the gypsum filling mining under the water body, which is worthy of further study. In this paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement are used to study the movement and failure law of overburden rock in gypsum filling mining. The development law of water diversion fracture zone is emphatically analyzed, and the calculation method of water diversion fracture zone is obtained. The results are as follows: (1) compared with caving mining, the movement rule of overlying rock in gypsum filling mining is studied and analyzed, and it is concluded that the filling body in gypsum filling mining has a supporting effect on overlying rock, and it limits the subsidence and destruction of overlying rock. The original moving failure form of overlying rock has been changed. Overburden rock failure generally only produces a small range of fracture zone, does not produce collapse zone. The concepts of direct roof and basic roof are no longer existed in roof. (2) on the basis of studying the failure law of overlying rock movement in gypsum filling mining, based on the equivalent mining height model, the edge line of overlying subsidence basin is simplified by using two-stage arc principle, and the geometric model is established. Based on the geometric relationship in the model, the formula for calculating the development height of water diversion fracture zone in gypsum filling mining is derived. (3) based on the equivalent mining height, the distribution law of plastic zone in gypsum filling mining is studied by numerical simulation. The failure law of overlying rock movement is analyzed, and the development height of water fracture zone caused by different equivalent mining heights is obtained. By fitting the data of each group, the formula of the relationship between the equivalent mining height and the water diversion fracture zone is obtained. (4) the general situation of the filling of the working face is introduced, taking this as the engineering background, the development height of the water diversion fracture zone is predicted by the geometric model and the numerical simulation formula. 4.37m, 4.51m. (5) the water conduction fracture zone on the working surface is observed by sublevel water injection with downhole uphole, and the leakage amount of each borehole is analyzed, and the conclusion is that the paste filling mining, the recovery height is 2.2 m, The maximum development height of the water-conducting fracture zone is 4.16 m. (6) the geometric model is compared and analyzed, and the predicted and measured results are simulated by numerical simulation. The results show that the prediction results of geometric model and numerical simulation formula are slightly larger than the measured results, but the errors are smaller, and the three models are close to each other. It is proved that the prediction results of geometric model are accurate and reliable.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD823.7

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