煤矿井下放射性活度水平及氡析出规律试验研究

发布时间：2019-05-03 19:48

【摘要】：为研究煤矿井下放射性活度水平及氡析出规律,应用煤岩放射性活度测量系统对典型矿区煤层放射性活度水平进行测试,分析煤层放射性水平的影响因素;应用自主设计的氡测试系统,对炮采巷道掘进过程中不同工序的氡浓度进行测定,分析巷道掘进过程中氡的析出规律。结果表明,随着煤变质程度的加深,其放射性核素质量分数的减少,对于不同变质程度的煤,煤中放射性元素的质量分数与煤质灰分质量分数之间相关性较好;所测掘进工作面氡浓度为30~70 Bq/m~3,整体属于较低水平;巷道掘进过程中打孔、放炮等工序引起煤岩层孔隙及裂隙增大并逐步相连成贯通的通道,促使氡及瓦斯沿通道向外大量释放,造成了工作面氡浓度及瓦斯体积分数异常。煤岩破裂与氡浓度异常相关关系的进一步研究,可为煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压等煤岩动力灾害预测提供一种新的方法。
[Abstract]:In order to study the level of radioactivity and the rule of radon exhalation in coal mine, the measurement system of activity of coal and rock is used to test the level of radioactivity of coal seam in typical mining area, and the influencing factors of radioactivity level of coal seam are analyzed. Using the self-designed radon testing system, the radon concentration in different processes of blasting mining roadway is measured, and the radon precipitation law is analyzed. The results show that with the deepening of coal metamorphism, the mass fraction of radionuclide decreases. For coal with different metamorphism degree, the correlation between the mass fraction of radioactive elements in coal and the mass fraction of coal ash is good. The radon concentration measured in the excavation face is 30 ~ 70 Bq/m~3, which belongs to the lower level. In the process of tunneling, drilling and blasting cause the pores and cracks of coal strata to increase and gradually connect to each other, which causes radon and gas to be released out of the tunnel, resulting in abnormal radon concentration and gas volume fraction in the working face. The further study on the relationship between coal-rock fracture and radon concentration anomaly can provide a new method for prediction of coal-rock dynamic disasters, such as coal and gas outburst, rock burst and so on.
【作者单位】：河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室(省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地);河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院;煤炭安全生产河南省协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51574112,51304072,51404100) 教育部科学技术研究项目(213022A) 高等学校重点科研项目(15A440010) 河南省科技创新杰出青年项目(164100510013)
【分类号】：TD82;TD771

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