微震监测技术在漂塘钨锡矿中的应用

发布时间：2019-05-08 04:01

【摘要】：漂塘钨矿的矿体埋藏浅、岩体破碎、断层多、且存在不同程度的民采及盗采现象、空区分布复杂,对于这种复杂浅埋矿山,不能有效的对地压活动进行监控管理,可能导致岩石破裂失稳灾害问题的发生(岩爆、冒顶、片帮等)。而微震监测技术作为一种可实时监控矿区范围内微破裂事件的技术,从三维空间角度实时监控和追踪矿岩在岩体应力作用下的岩石微裂纹的产生和扩展的趋向。本文以漂塘钨矿南非IMS地压微震监测系统为依托,通过分析漂塘矿区微震监测数据,研究地压活动特征、岩体失稳微震活动性参数前兆变化特征及微震监测地压灾害评价模型。主要研究内容及结果如下:1、通过对漂塘矿区地质条件、空区分布情况、地压活动现状及开采现状等的调查,同时通过对漂塘钨矿328m至556m这五个中段地压活动现场调查,得出漂塘矿区地压活动频繁区域及一般表现形式。2、结合漂塘矿区地压活动情况,依据微震监测系统的构建原则及微震监测的灵敏度及微震事件的定位精度,构建了一套24个检波器通道数的微震监测系统,对漂塘钨矿进行三维实时在线监测。通过对微震监测系统监测数据的分析得出漂塘矿区地压活动聚集特征及地应力变形特征。3、分析微震监测系统对漂塘矿区地压活动的监测数据,掌握漂塘矿区的微震活动时空分布特征。同时对漂塘矿区313采场失稳情况,通过分析微震监测系统监测到的该时段313采场的微震数据,得出岩体失稳前微震活动性参数的前兆特征,包括累积视体积、对数能量指数、微震事件率、位移变化、b值前兆变化特征。同时结合应力应变曲线,分析微震活动性参数的变化特征,得出微震监测岩体失稳关键点。4、通过对微震监测数据的分析,找出影响岩体稳定性的因素,提出带突出影响因子的非线性模糊综合评价法,详细说明了带突出影响因子的非线性模糊综合评价模型在微震监测矿区稳定性评价中的优越性及其运算过程,并通过对矿区微震监测数据进行评价验证,得出微震监测地压灾害评价模型,进而得出该段时间的岩体稳定性,与矿区现实情况进行比对较符合,说明构建的模型有较高的精度。
[Abstract]:The ore body of bleitang tungsten mine is shallow buried, rock mass is broken, faults are many, and there are different degrees of civil mining and stealing mining phenomenon, the distribution of goaf is complex, for this complex shallow buried mine, the monitoring and management of ground pressure activity cannot be carried out effectively. May lead to rock failure and instability disasters (rock burst, roof fall, sheet, etc.). As a real-time monitoring technique for micro-fracture events in mining area, micro-seismic monitoring technology can monitor and track the tendency of rock micro-crack formation and propagation under rock mass stress in three-dimensional space. Based on the IMS ground pressure micro-seismic monitoring system in bleitang tungsten mine, this paper studies the characteristics of ground pressure activity, the precursory variation characteristics of rock mass instability and micro-earthquake activity parameters and the evaluation model of ground pressure disaster in micro-earthquake monitoring by analyzing the monitoring data of micro-earthquakes in Baitang mining area. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. Through the investigation of the geological conditions, the distribution of the empty area, the present situation of the ground pressure activity and the present situation of mining in the Baotang mining area, and through the on-the-spot investigation of the ground pressure activity in the five middle sections of the drift-pond tungsten mine from 328m to 556m, Secondly, combined with the ground pressure activity in the Baitang mining area, according to the construction principle of the micro-earthquake monitoring system, the sensitivity of the micro-earthquake monitoring and the location accuracy of the micro-earthquake events are obtained. A set of microseismic monitoring system with 24 geophone channels is constructed to monitor Baotang tungsten mine on-line in three-dimensional real-time. Through the analysis of monitoring data of micro-seismic monitoring system, the characteristics of ground pressure activity aggregation and in-situ stress and deformation are obtained. 3, the monitoring data of micro-earthquake monitoring system for ground pressure activity in Baotang mining area is analyzed. To master the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of microseismic activity in the Baotang mining area. At the same time, according to the instability of 313 stope in Baitang mining area, by analyzing the micro-seismic data of 313 stope monitored by micro-seismic monitoring system, the precursory characteristics of micro-seismic activity parameters, including cumulative apparent volume and logarithmic energy index, are obtained before rock mass instability. The characteristics of earthquake event rate, displacement change and b-value precursor change. At the same time, combining with the stress-strain curve, the variation characteristics of micro-earthquake activity parameters are analyzed, and the key points of rock mass instability monitoring by micro-earthquake are obtained. 4. Through the analysis of micro-earthquake monitoring data, the factors affecting the stability of rock mass are found out. A nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method with outburst influence factor is put forward, and the superiority and operation process of nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model with outburst influence factor in stability evaluation of micro-earthquake monitoring mining area are explained in detail. Through the evaluation and verification of micro-seismic monitoring data in mining area, the evaluation model of ground pressure disaster under micro-earthquake monitoring is obtained, and then the stability of rock mass in this period of time is obtained, which is more consistent with the reality of mining area. It shows that the model has high precision.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD326

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